瓦窑堡油田位于鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡中部，主要含油层位为上三叠统延长组长2、长4+5和长6油层，为一构造平缓的特低－超低渗碎屑岩储层油田，目前处于开发早期。本论文以油田主力含油层系长6油层为主要研究对象，综合利用钻井、测井及各类分析化验资料，以现代储层评价理论与技术为平台，对长6油层沉积微相、储层岩石学及成岩作用、储层孔隙结构及物性特征、储层非均质性及敏感性进行了研究。研究表明，瓦窑堡油田长6油层位于安塞子长三角洲前缘相带上，可划分为4种沉积微相，分别为分流河道和分流间洼，以及水下分流河道和分流间湾，分流河道和水下分流河道是最有利的沉积相带；储层的岩石类型为灰色－灰褐色的岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩；成岩作用类型主要有压实及压溶作用和胶结作用；储层储集类型以溶孔为主，次为粒间孔，孔隙组合主要是溶孔-粒间孔型；储层的孔隙度平均值为10.7%，渗透率平均值为1.2×10-3μm2，为低孔、特低渗储层；储层的非均质性表现为油气分布在纵向上和平面上均存在极度的不均衡性；储层的敏感性特征表现为矛盾集中在应力敏感性与酸敏损害方面，碱敏、速敏是次要矛盾。结合常规中、高渗透储层评价的方法，采用渗透率、孔隙体积与颗粒体积之比、流动层段指标、平均孔吼半径、均质系数、和排驱压力，作为低渗透油藏储层评价指标体系，应用模糊综合评价方法，建立了特-超低渗储层评价方案，对长6储层进行综合评价，将研究区内储层分为4类,其中以Ⅱ类储层为主，其次为Ⅰ类储层。应用petrel建模软件，采用序贯指示模拟建立砂体骨架模型、构造模型、相模型和属性模型，为油田高效开发提供了依据。

Wayaobao oilfield located in the middle part of Shaanbei slope in Ordos Basin.Its main oil-bearing horizon were Chang 2 reservoir,chang 4+5 reservoir, and chang 6 reservior which are extra-ultra low permeability detrital reservior with flat structure, in the Triassic Yanchang formation. At present, the reservoirs are in the early development stage. In this paper, made Chang 6 reservoir as the major study-target of the main oil-bearing series in the WaYaoBao oilfield. Comprehensively with utilization of drilling, logging and various analytical data, applying the modern theories and techniques of reservoir evaluation, the sedimentary microfacies, reservoir petrology and diagenesis, pore structure and physical properties characteristics of the Chang 6 reservoir were studied and reservoir heterogeneity and sensitivity have been made.The study shows that, Chang 6 reservior of wayaobao oilfield which located in the front facies belt of Ansai-Zichang delta can be divided into four sedimentary microfacies,which are inter-distributary channel, distributary depression , subaqueous distributary channel, and diversion among bay. The inter-distributary channel and Subaqueous distributary channel are the most favorable sedimentary facies.The type of the reservoir rock was from gray-brown to gray debris-feldspar sandstone and feldspar sandstone. Compaction,pressure solution and cementation were main types of diagenesis. Dissolution pore was the mainly saving type of reservoir and residual intergranular pore followed. Dissolution pore - intergranular pore was the main porous compositioni.The average value of the porosity and penetration rate of the reservoir were separately 10.7% and 1.2×10-3μm2. So Chang 6 reservoir was a low porosity and low permeability reservoir.The heterogeneity of the reservoir showed as extremely unbalanced nature of the oil and gas distribution performance in the vertical and plane.The sensitivity of the reservoir was characterized by contradictions on the stress sensitivity, acid sensitivity damage, alkali sensitivity and speed sensitivity as a secondary contradictions. Combined with conventional middle and high permeable reservoir evaluation method , made permeability ,ratios of pore volume to particle volume ,flowing zone index, pore-throat radius ,uniformity coefficient and threshold pressure as ultra-low permeability reservoir evaluation index system and the application of fuzzy mathematics to establish extra-ultra-low permeability reservoir evaluation index system and programs，the comprehensive evaluation of Chang 6 reservoir has been evaluated .The result of the comprehensive evaluation showed that Chang 6 reservoir in research area can be divided into 4 types and mainly belongs to the Ⅱchass reservoir, next was the Ⅰchass reservoir .Sandbody skeleton model, structural model, facies model and attribute model have been established through the applications of petrel modeling software and the adaptation of sequential indicator Simulation, which will provid foundation for the efficient development for the oilfield.