如何在新的历史条件下提高思想政治教育的效果，是摆在广大理论工作者和实践工作者面前的一个重大课题，而优化思想政治教育环境是提高思想政治教育效果的重大举措。本文以邓小平理论和“三个代表”思想为指导，运用思想政治教育学的有关理论以及理论联系实际分析问题的方法，对思想政治教育环境的优化问题作了较为深入的探讨。首先，本文分析了思想政治教育的宏观环境和微观环境的类型，以及环境通过影响思想政治教育的主体、客体、介体和效果，对思想政治教育活动产生很大影响。其次，本文着重从当前思想政治教育的环境存在的诸多问题：主要是改革开放的不断深入，思想政治教育面临着复杂的国内和国际社会环境；学校环境、传媒环境、心理环境、家庭环境等微观环境也变得相应的复杂。最后针对问题，提出了优化思想政治教育环境的对策建议。思想政治教育环境的优化从根本上说是使思想政治教育环境成为思想政治教育的自觉手段，并使其各要素及其相互关系保持最佳状态。作为思想政治教育的主体之一，政府要充分发挥主导作用，为思想政治教育创造一个良好的宏观环境。具体包括：政府要进一步积极稳妥地推进改革，加强各种配套制度的建立和完善，减少改革的震荡，创造一个安定团结的社会环境；通过运用行政法律手段，制定相关的法律法规，为思想政治环境的优化提供制度保障；加强党风廉政建设，提高社会综合治理的效果，形成良好的社会氛围；充分整合各环境子系统，形成思想政治教育的合力。除了政府积极努力外，其他各种思想政治教育主体如社会组织、团体甚至个人都应积极参与，充分调动各方面力量，采取多样化的形式，营造良好的心理环境、家庭环境和大众传媒环境.为思想政治教育微观环境的优化作出努力。

Under new historic condition, how to raise the effect of ideological and political education is an important issue before these who work in theory and practice .And a relevant important measure is to improve the education’s environment .Under the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of “Three Represent” , this article use the theory in relation to ideological and political education and the analytic method of integration of theory with practice to inquire into the problem of optimizing the ideological and political education’ environment .Firstly, this article analyses the type of the macro-environment and the microenvironment for ideological and political education. Second, it analyses the environment's influence upon ideological and political education from four respects: subject; object; medium and effect. Thirdly, it focuses on analyzing many problems in environment about thought and politics from macro-environment and microenvironment. These main manifestations are: with the deepening of reformation and opening, the international and national environment of ideological and political education are becoming more complicated. School environment、medium environment、family environment、psychological environment, etc, microenvironment are becoming complicated also with the complication of the macro-environment finally, in accordance with these problems, the article provides some countermeasures and suggestions for the optimization of environment aims at making ends. This optimization aims at making this environment become conscious means for the ideological and political education, and making these essential factors and their relations in a best state. As one of the subjects ,the government should play a leading role in creating a good microenvironment for the education of ideology and politics, including government’s carrying forward the reformation actively and safely, strengthening and perfecting many related institutions , decreasing the bad fluctuation of the reformation, creating a social environment of stability and unity; it should utilize administrational and law means ,formulate the related law and regulation ,and provide a institutional guarantee for the optimization of educational environment ;strengthen the honest and clear construction of party conduct , increase the effect of synthetically administration and form a good social atmosphere ; also ,it should integrate the sub–systems of environment to form joint effort of education of ideology and politics Except for the government ,the other subjects of ideological and political education should join in actively ,such as : social organizations、units and individual etc, should make good use of their own advantage in resources to develop activities initiatively for the optimization of environment ,mobilize each strength ,use various manners, construct a good school、medium、psychology、family environment etc ,make an effort for the optimization of ideological and political education.