地裂缝是西安地铁隧道建设过程所必须面临的关键难题，如何正确处理地裂缝问题对地铁隧道安全稳定的影响将是地铁建设过程中的关键所在，因此，进行地铁隧道穿越地裂缝诱发的地表沉降规律及控制技术研究意义重大。论文依托西安地铁1号线半坡～纺织城区间工程，采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场监测相结合的方法对隧道穿越地裂缝引起的地表沉降规律进行研究，提出了地表沉降控制措施，指导了工程实践。得到的相关结论如下： （1）地裂缝灾害表现形式主要表现为周期性、有限性、方向性、缓变性和累进性、非均衡性和非对称性以及地裂缝灾害的不可抗拒性。地铁隧道无论从荷载还是变形方面都与无地裂缝时表现出较大差异，主要表现在两个方面:①作用于隧道的荷载发生改变；②隧道底面出现了脱空现象。 （2）通过对作用于隧道荷载的理论研究，建立了隧道穿越地裂缝的计算模型，并将地裂缝作用下隧道的受力过程分为沉降初期、脱空发展阶段和完全脱空阶段三个阶段。 （3）运用FLAC3D软件对隧道穿越地裂缝引起的地表沉降规律进行研究，计算结果表明：隧道拱顶竖向和地表沉降值远远超过规范允许值，隧道上方的电建小区楼房基础变形很大，易造成墙体倾斜甚至倾覆，必须采取合理有效的控制措施。 （4）结合西安地铁1号线半坡～纺织城区间暗挖段工程特点，从隧道结构设计、地层加固设计和开挖步骤三方面提出了穿越地裂缝隧道引起的地表沉降控制技术措施。 （5）给出了现场监测方案设计，并完成了现场实测。通过分析实测监测数据，结果表明，采取文中提出的控制措施后，整个隧道穿越地裂缝的施工过程能够确保隧道上方道路变形在允许范围之内和电建小区大楼变形得到有效控制，从而保证了隧道上方道路的正常使用和临近楼房的安全稳定；表明提出的控制措施合理且有效。

The ground fissure is the main problem that the Xi'an subway tunnel will face in the construction process. How to deal with the ground crack correctly and solve the problem of the stability and stability of the subway tunnel will be the key problem of Xi'an subway construction. Therefore, the subway tunnel The surface subsidence law and control technology has very important significance.. In this paper, it uses the method that combines with the theoretical analysis, in-situ monitoring and numerical simulation followed the background of interval tunnels between Banpo and Fangzhi-cheng . The main jobs are as follows: （1）Ground failure manifestations is manifested as cyclical, limited, directional, slow and progressive, non-equilibrium and asymmetry, and irresistible resistance to ground fissures. Subway tunnels, both in terms of load and deformation, show a large difference from groundless cracks, mainly in two respects:1) the load acting on the tunnel changes; 2)the bottom of the tunnel has a void phenomenon. （2）Based on the theoretical analysis of the tunnel load, the calculation model of the tunnel through ground fissure is established, and the process of the tunnel under the action of ground fissures is divided into three stages, which are the initial stage of settling, the development stage and the complete voiding stage. （3）The results showed that the vertical and surface subsidence values of the tunnel vault are far more than the allowable values of the tunnel, and the foundation of the building in the building above the tunnel is very large and easy to cause wall tilt or overturning, which must take reasonable and effective control measures. （4）Combined with project features of Xi'an Metro Line 1 between Banpo and Fangzhi-cheng between the dark excavation, This paper puts forward the technical measures of surface subsidence control caused by tunneling through tunnel fissures from three aspects: tunnel structure design, stratum reinforcement design and excavation step. （5）The site monitoring program design was given and completed the field measurement. The results of the analysis and monitoring showed that after taking the control measures proposed in this paper, the whole tunnel will be able to ensure that the deformation of the road above the tunnel is within the allowable range, and the deformation of the building is small, thus ensuring the normal road Transport and adjacent to the building's security and stability, which indicated that the proposed control measures are reasonable and effective.