顶板灾害是煤矿生产中极易引发的灾害之一，特别对于西北地区煤层浅埋深、薄基岩的地质条件，当近距离煤层综采工作面布置在房柱式采空区下时，工作面顶板更易发生瞬时大面积垮落灾害，对其安全开采造成巨大影响。因此，开展房柱式采空区下近距离煤层开采顶板垮落灾害的系统研究，对促进我国西北类似地质条件矿井煤炭资源开发具有十分重要的现实意义。 本文以陕北榆神府矿区的韩家湾煤矿3301综采工作面为工程背景，采用理论分析、数值模拟及工程验证的研究方法，对房柱式采空区稳定性、房柱式采空区下近距离煤层开采顶板断裂形式及采空区内煤柱爆破后下煤层开采覆岩运动规律与矿压特征等问题进行了探讨与分析。运用非线性理论和数值模拟相结合的方法，对韩家湾煤矿3301工作面上覆房柱式采空区进行稳定性评价。构建了韩家湾煤矿3301工作面双关键层模型，并对3301工作面进行顶板断裂力学分析，得出3301工作面顶板失稳的判别条件。分别建立了3301工作面上层房柱式采空区煤柱爆破和未爆破下工作面开采数值计算模型，再现了工作面回采过程中覆岩运动特征。 上述分析结果在韩家湾煤矿3301工作面开采实践中得到了验证，为榆神府矿区上覆房柱式采空区段下近距离煤层综采将遇到的安全问题提供解决范例。

Roof disaster is one of the disasters that can not be ignored in the production of coal mine. Especially for the geological conditions of shallow burial and thin bedrock in the northwestern part of the coal seam,when the fully mechanized coal mining face is arranged in the pillar goaf area, the roof of the coal seam is more prone to instantaneous caving.This has a huge impact on the safe mining of the mine.Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out the research on the roof caving disaster of the longwall face mining in proximity beneath a room mining goaf. In this paper, taking 3301 fully mechanized Hanjiawan coal mine as an example, using the research methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and engineering verification, on pillar stability of goaf, room and pillar under goaf of close coal layer mining roof fracture form and goaf in coal pillar after blasting coal mining under the movement rule of overlying strata and the strata characteristics were analyzed. Based on the combination of nonlinear theory and numerical simulation, the stability of the room and pillar mining area above the 3301 working face is evaluated. This paper constructs a double key layer model of the 3301 working face in the coal mine, and analyzes the roof fracture mechanics of the 3301 working face, and obtains the criterion of roof instability of the 3301 working face. The numerical simulation of coal pillar splash blasting and non - blasting in coal pillar coal mining area are carried out to reproduce the law of overburden and the process of coal pillar stress evolution. The above analysis results have been verified in the mining practice of the 3301 working face in the Hanjiawan coal mine, which provides an example to solve the safety problems faced by the overburden pillar goaf in the near coal seam of the Yu Shenfu mining area.