煤层自燃是煤矿的主要灾害之一，严重影响了煤矿的安全生产。鹤壁矿区煤层为易自燃煤层，近年来，鹤壁矿区为实现矿井高产高效，在各个矿井推行无煤柱综采放顶煤技术，煤炭的产量和效益大幅度提高，但同时也给矿井防灭火带来新问题。掌握易自燃无煤柱开采矿井煤层自燃规律，在此基础上有针对性地提出煤层自燃防治技术措施，对指导鹤壁矿区易自燃无煤柱开采矿井防灭火和安全生产具有重要意义。本论文运用煤自然发火实验台模拟煤自燃过程，定量的测算出耗氧速度、放热强度、最短发火期等表述煤自燃程度的特性参数；通过现场观测和理论推算，划出采空区氧浓度、浮煤厚度、漏风强度分布图，根据计算出的极限参数划分出采空区的自燃危险区域，得出综放采空区自燃规律；通过分析综放面巷道、地质构造带附近等容易自燃的危险区域，得出其自燃规律；本论文还研究了鹤壁矿区自燃指标气体，指标气体的研究对矿井自燃火灾防治具有重要意义，通过指标气体可以检验火灾防治效果；通过对易自燃无煤柱开采矿井各处容易发生自燃的危险区域的煤层自燃规律的研究，掌握其自燃特点，在此基础上，针对鹤壁矿区易自燃无煤柱开采矿井的实际情况，提出鹤壁矿区综放采空区两道、开切眼、停采线、综放面相邻采空区、综放面巷道周边煤体等自燃危险区域的胶体防治技术；并运用提出的防治技术措施处理了多处自燃火灾，取得了良好的效果，保障了矿井安全生产。

The spontaneous combustion is one of the major calamities, which seriously influences safety production of coal mine. There is important significance for mastering the laws of Coal Spontaneous Combustion, Which is the base of preventing Technology. Firstly, They discourse simulated coal spontaneous combustion by the experiment station of coal spontaneous combustion, quantificational calculated characteristic parameters which reflect the degree of coal spontaneous combustion, such as oxygen consumption & heat conduction coefficient and coal burning period. Second, the discourse studies on law of coal spontaneous combustion in gob. It marked off the distribution chart of oxygen concentration & coal ply & air leak intensity by locale observation and academic calculation. According the calculated ultimate parameter, it also marked off the danger zero of coal spontaneous combustion in gob; the discourse studies on law of coal spontaneous combustion in others zone, Such as around laneway & around geologic conformation; the discourse studies on signal gases also that can verifies the ifects of preventing technology. According to the case of the HeBi diggings, the discourse puts forward Preventing Technology in job and around laneway by mastering the laws and characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion, Applying the Preventing Technology, we successfully tackle several accidents of coal spontaneous combustion. it is more effective to instruct the practice of anti-fire and fire-extinguishing in mining coal by this way.