我国人口老龄化程度进一步加深，城乡老年人健康差距大。农村劳动力的流失和回流导致老年人多样化的居住安排，不合理的用能方式对老年人身体健康构成威胁。本文采用陕豫两省2018和2021年专项调查数据，运用Probit回归模型研究不同居住安排的生活能源选择对农村老年人身体健康的影响，对于提高农村老年人身体健康、减轻农村社会养老负担具有重要意义。本文主要创新性研究成果如下：

       首先，不同居住安排的生活能源选择对老年人主观身体健康的影响存在差异：独居、仅与配偶或父母同住和与子女同住的老年人家庭选择商品能源对老年人健康自评的影响由显著为负变为显著为正；与子女同住的老年人家庭选择非商品能源对老年人与同龄人比较的健康的影响显著为正，三代、四代同住的老年人家庭选择污染能源对老年人与同龄人比较的健康的影响显著为负。家庭收入在不同居住安排的生活能源选择对老年人主观身体健康的影响中具有调节作用，结合能源阶梯理论，家庭收入的提高均会弱化现有能源对老年人主观身体健康的正向影响。

       其次，三种居住安排的老年人家庭选择清洁能源和污染能源对老年人日常生活自理能力的影响呈现规律性变化：独居、仅与配偶或父母同住和与子女同住的老年人家庭选择清洁能源对老年人日常生活自理能力有正向影响，且正向影响程度增强；独居、仅与配偶或父母同住和与子女同住以及三代、四代同住的老年人家庭选择污染能源对老年人日常生活自理能力有显著的负向影响，且负向影响程度逐渐增大。

       最后，与他人同住的老年人家庭选择不同类型的能源对老年人患病的影响存在差异：与子女同住的老年人家庭选择清洁能源、污染能源和非商品能源能够显著降低老年人患心脑血管疾病的概率，选择商品能够显著降低老年人患呼吸道疾病的概率；三代、四代同住的老年人家庭选择非商品能源显著降低老年人患呼吸道疾病的概率。

       研究揭示不同生活能源对获得不同代际支持的老年人的身体健康的影响。在引导农村老年人家庭科学用能和提高能源补贴的基础上加强子女在能源使用方面对老年人的经济、技术、劳力支持以形成两代或多代的代际团结对改善老年人的身体健康至关重要。

      China's population aging is further deepened. The health gap between urban and rural elderly is large. The loss and return of rural labor leads to diversified living arrangements for the elderly and unreasonable energy use poses a threat to the health of the elderly. Based on the special survey data of 2018 and 2021 in Shaanxi and Henan provinces, this paper uses probit regression model to study the impact of living energy choices of different living arrangements on the health of the elderly, which is of great significance to improve the health of the elderly in rural areas and reduce the burden of rural social pension. The main innovation findings of this paper are as follows:

     First, the effect of living energy choices in different living arrangements on the physical health of the elderly has differences: the choice of commodity energy by the elderly households living alone or only with their spouse or parents has a significant negative effect on the self-assessment of health of the elderly, the choice of commodity energy by the elderly households living with their children has a significant positive effect on the self-assessment of health of the elderly; The elderly households living with their children choosing non-commercial energy has a significantly positive impact on their health compared with their peers, the elderly households living with three or four generations choosing polluting energy has a significantly negative impact on their health compared with their peers. Household income moderates the effect of living energy choices in different living arrangements on the subjective physical health of the elderly. Combined with the energy ladder theory, the increase of household income will weaken the positive impact of existing energy on the subjective health of the elderly.

      Second, the influences of clean energy and polluting energy on the ADLs of the elderly in the three living arrangements show regular changes: The choice of clean energy by the elderly households living alone or only with their spouse or parents has a positive impact on the ADLs of the elderly, the choice of clean energy by the elderly families living with their children has a significant positive impact on the ADLs of the elderly, and the degree of positive influence is enhanced; The choice of polluting energy by the elderly households living alone or only with their spouse or parents has a significant negative impact on the ADLs of the elderly, the choice of polluting energy by the elderly families living with their children has a significant negative impact on the ADLs of the elderly, the choice of polluting energy by the elderly families living with three or four generations has a significant negative impact on the ADLs of the elderly, and the degree of negative influence gradually increasing.

        Finally, different types of energy choice for elderly households living with others on the disease of the elderly has differences: The choice of clean energy、polluting energy and non-commercial energy by the elderly families living with their children significantly reduces the probability of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among the elderly. The choice of commercial energy by the elderly families living with their children significantly reduces the probability of respiratory diseases among the elderly. The choice of non-commercial energy by the elderly families living with three or four generations significantly reduces the incidence of respiratory diseases among the elderly.

      The study reveals the effects of different living energy choices on the physical health of the elderly with different intergenerational support. On the basis of guiding rural elderly families to use energy scientifically and increasing energy subsidies, strengthening economic, technical and labor support for the elderly in energy use by their children in order to form intergenerational solidarity between two or more generations is crucial to improving the health of the elderly.