随着巷道开采规模和深度的不断增加，所处的工程地质条件越来越复杂，巷道事故频发使得研究合理的支护参数成为确保巷道安全生产的关键。由于施工方便，在煤矿开拓中大量采用矩形巷道，传统锚杆支护设计方法通过将矩形巷道等效为圆形巷道对围岩变形进行分析进而确定支护参数，但圆形巷道围岩变形规律与矩形巷道不同，使得锚杆受力特性存在差异。本文在分析与总结现有锚杆支护理论、锚杆锚固作用机理研究现状及存在问题的基础上，依据矩形巷道围岩变形规律，建立矩形巷道结构模型，采用弹塑性力学理论分析得到矩形巷道围岩变形表达式，进一步对锚杆受力进行分析，提出锚杆支护设计方法。同时，建立围岩加固体模型，分析加固体围岩的力学特性并提出评价围岩稳定性的方法。最后以柠条塔煤矿S12001胶运顺槽巷道为工程依托，提出合理的锚杆支护设计方案，结合数值模拟及现场监测验证理论的合理性，并对巷道围岩的稳定进行评价。论文主要研究成果如下：

（1）分析矩形巷道围岩变形规律，建立矩形巷道结构模型。按平面应变问题分析结构模型受力，采用弹塑性力学分析得到围岩变形表达式。通过算例并结合FLAC^3D数值模拟软件分析巷道围岩变形规律及围岩变形量，并与理论计算结果进行对比从而验证理论的合理性，为考虑巷道围岩变形的锚杆支护设计提供理论支撑。

（2）基于锚杆与围岩的协调变形分别建立全长粘结锚杆及局部锚固锚杆受力模型，求得锚杆锚固段剪应力及轴向应力表达式。分析总结锚杆锚固段受力规律，提出巷道锚杆支护设计方法。结合算例对巷道进行支护设计并分析锚固段受力的主要影响因素。

（3）考虑锚杆对围岩力学状态改变，建立围岩加固体模型，得到加固后巷道围岩力学特性表达式，并分析不同锚杆支护参数对围岩力学特性的影响。在保证锚杆所受轴向应力及剪应力不超过应力容许值的前提下，以加固体所能承担的极限荷载与承担荷载的比值做为判断围岩稳定性的条件，提出评价围岩稳定性的方法。

（4）将研究成果应用于柠条塔煤矿S12001胶运顺槽巷道的支护设计中，结合数值模拟以及现场监测结果对比原支护方案及新支护方案下巷道的加固效果并进行稳定性评价，结果表明，在保证巷道的稳定性前提下，基于围岩变形进行锚杆支护设计可以更好的发挥锚杆加固围岩的作用及提高围岩自承能力，节约锚杆用量。

With the increasing of mining scale and depth of roadway, the engineering geological conditions are becoming more and more complex, and the frequent accidents of roadway make the study of reasonable supporting parameters become the key to ensure the safety of roadway production.Because of the convenience of construction, rectangular roadway is widely used in coal mine development. By equivalent rectangular roadway to circular roadway，the traditional bolt support design method determines the supporting parameters and analyses the deformation of surrounding rock.However, the deformation law of surrounding rock based on circular roadway is different from that of rectangular roadway, which makes the stress characteristics of anchor rod different. Based on the analysis and summary of the existing theory of bolt support, the research status and existing problems of anchor mechanism, the structural model of rectangular roadway is established according to the deformation law of surrounding rock of rectangular roadway.The deformation expression of surrounding rock of rectangular roadway is obtained by elastic-plastic theory analysis, the force of bolt is analyzed, and the design method of bolt support is put forward.At the same time, the model of surrounding rock reinforcement is established, the mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock are analyzed, and the method of evaluating the stability of surrounding rock is put forward. Based on the S12001 of NING TIAO TA coal mine, a reasonable design scheme of bolt support is put forward, combined with numerical simulation and field monitoring to verify the rationality of the theory, and the stability of surrounding rock of roadway is evaluated. The main research results are as follows:

(1) The deformation law of surrounding rock of rectangular roadway is analyzed, and the structure model of rectangular roadway is established.According to the plane strain problem, the stress of the structural model is analyzed, and the deformation expression of surrounding rock is obtained by elastic-plastic theory. By example and combined with FLAC^3D numerical simulation software, the deformation law of roadway surrounding rock and the deformation amount of surrounding rock are obtained, and compared with the theoretical calculation results, so as to verify the rationality of the theory. It provides theoretical support for bolt support design considering roadway surrounding rock deformation.

(2) Based on the coordinated deformation of anchor rod and surrounding rock, the stress models of full length bond anchor rod and local anchor rod are established, and the expressions of shear stress and axial stress in anchor section are obtained.The stress law of anchor section is analyzed and summarized, and the design method of roadway bolt support is put forward. Combined with an example, the supporting design of roadway and the main influencing factors of anchoring section are analyzed.

(3) Considering the change of the mechanical state of the surrounding rock, the model of the surrounding rock reinforcement is established, the expression of the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock after reinforcement is obtained, and the influence of different bolt support parameters on the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rock is analyzed.On the premise that the axial stress and shear stress of anchor rod do not exceed the allowable value of stress,the method of evaluating the stability of the surrounding rock is put forward based on the ratio of the ultimate load to the bearing load of the reinforced body as the condition to judge the stability of the surrounding rock.

(4) Applying the research results to the support design of the roadway of NING TIAO TA coal mine S12001 ,by using the numerical simulation and field monitoring results ,this paper compared the reinforcement effect of roadway under original support scheme and new support scheme,and also evaluate the roadway stability.The results show that under the premise of ensuring the stability of roadway, the bolt support design based on the deformation of surrounding rock can better play the role of bolt strengthening surrounding rock, improve the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rock, and save the amount of anchor rod.

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