地震作用是诱发危岩体崩塌、滑落的重要影响因素之一，地震会使得危岩体结构面的抗剪强度强度减弱，导致其稳定性进一步降低，从而诱发大量的危岩体失稳崩塌，进而对工程建设和人民生命财产的安全构成了严重的威胁。地震不仅仅是一种动荷载，也是一种循环荷载，动荷载主要以地震惯性力的形式作用在危岩体上，循环荷载会使得危岩体的结构面不断磨损，从而引起其抗剪强度逐渐降低，最终致使危岩体的稳定性下降。因而危岩体结构面的强度对危岩体稳定性往往有着决定性作用，因此分析地震作用下岩质边坡危岩体稳定性的关键就是研究岩体结构面在地震作用下的强度变化特征。本文以云南鲁甸县王家坡岩质边坡危岩体为研究背景，结合室内试验、理论分析和数值模拟三种方法进行研究，在考虑结构面尺寸效应及震动劣化效应的基础上，深入研究地震作用下危岩体的动力稳定性。主要研究内容如下：

（1）通过文献搜集和现场调查，阐述分析影响岩质边坡危岩体结构面抗剪强度劣化的内部因素和外部因素，着重分析地震作用对结构面剪切应力的影响。

（2）基于颗粒流分析方法进行结构面循环剪切数值试验，研究循环剪切作用下结构面的抗剪强度劣化规律，分析循环剪切次数、剪切幅值、剪切速率、法向应力、充填物厚度对结构面剪应力的演化特征；同时结合回归分析法，建立综合考虑循环剪切次数、法向应力及充填厚度等影响因素的结构面抗剪强度震动劣化数学模型。

（3）基于上述提出的结构面抗剪强度震动劣化数学模型，研究结构面尺寸效应对其剪应力的影响规律，并且对提出的结构面抗剪强度震动劣化数学模型进行修正，建立修正后的考虑结构面尺寸效应的抗剪强度震动劣化数学模型，并对其合理性进行验证。

（4）基于极限平衡法，结合修正后的结构面抗剪强度震动劣化数学模型，针对滑移式危岩体、倾倒式危岩体及坠落式危岩体的失稳破坏模式，分别提出考虑结构面震动劣化效应的岩质边坡危岩体动力稳定性系数的计算公式；利用有限差分法，阐明地震波波动频率和振幅对危岩体动力稳定性系数的影响规律。

关 键 词：地震；循环剪切；结构面劣化；尺寸效应；危岩体稳定性

研究类型：应用基础研究

ABSTRACT

Earthquake action is one of the important influencing factors that induce the collapse and rolling of dangerous rock masses. Earthquakes can weaken the shear strength of the structural planes of dangerous rock masses, further reducing their stability and inducing a large number of unstable collapses, posing a serious threat to engineering construction and the safety of people's lives and property. Earthquakes are not only dynamic loads, but also cyclic loads, which mainly act on dangerous rock masses in the form of seismic inertial forces; Cyclic loads can cause continuous wear and tear on the structural planes of hazardous rock masses, leading to a gradual decrease in their shear strength and ultimately a decrease in their stability. The strength of the structural plane in a dangerous rock mass often plays a decisive role in its stability. Therefore, the key to analyzing the stability of rock slopes under earthquake action is to study the strength variation characteristics of rock mass structural planes under earthquake action. This article takes the dangerous rock mass of Wangjiapo rock slope in Ludian County, Yunnan Province as the background, and uses three methods of indoor testing, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation to study the dynamic stability of dangerous rock mass under earthquake action, considering the size effect of structural planes and seismic degradation effect. The main research content is as follows:

(1) Through literature collection and on-site investigation, this paper elaborates and analyzes the internal and external factors that affect the deterioration of shear strength of dangerous rock mass structural planes in rock slopes, with a focus on analyzing the impact of earthquake action on shear stress of structural planes.

(2) Based on the particle flow analysis method, numerical experiments were conducted on the cyclic shear strength of structural planes to study the degradation law of shear strength under cyclic shear action. The evolution characteristics of shear stress on structural planes were analyzed by analyzing the number of cyclic shear, shear amplitude, shear rate, normal stress, and filling thickness; Simultaneously combining regression analysis, establish a mathematical model for seismic degradation of structural plane shear strength considering the number of cyclic shear cycles, normal stress, and filling thickness.

(3) Based on the proposed mathematical model for seismic degradation of shear strength of structural planes, this study investigates the influence of size effects on shear stress of structural planes, and modifies the proposed mathematical model for seismic degradation of structural planes. A modified mathematical model for seismic degradation considering size effects of structural planes is established, and its rationality is verified.

(4) Based on the limit equilibrium method and combined with the revised mathematical model of seismic degradation, calculation formulas for the dynamic stability coefficient of rock slopes considering the seismic degradation effect of structural planes are proposed for the instability and failure modes of sliding, tilting, and falling hazardous rock masses; Using the finite difference method, clarify the influence of seismic wave frequency and amplitude on the dynamic stability coefficient of dangerous rock masses.

Key words :Earthquake; Circular shearing; Deterioration of structural planes; Size effect; Stability of dangerous rock mass

Thesis    : Application basic research

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