老矿井经常遇到巷道穿采空区的问题，而采空区遗煤已经被预先氧化，一旦重新通风，其采空区自燃的危险性增强，极易出现采空区遗煤自燃火灾。因此，为消除自燃危险性，有必要对巷道穿采空区的防灭火技术进行研究，确保巷道的安全掘进和工作面的安全开采。 本论文采用理论分析、现场观测及数值模拟相结合的研究方法，对巷道穿采空区自燃预测及控制进行研究。首先通过程序升温实验对望风峰岗矿煤样自燃特性参数耗氧速度、放热强度等进行了实验测定，为数值模拟提供基础数据；其次采用自燃特性、漏风强度、煤岩温度、巷道参数、水分、空隙率和粒度七个主要指标构建巷道穿采空区段自燃危险性评判的指标体系，建立了巷道穿采空区段自燃危险性模糊综合评判模型，对现场进行了评判；然后，根据现场观测和实验建立了巷道穿采空区段漏风松散煤体空隙率分布方程、采空区不同深度的渗透系数方程，并结合采空区渗透及扩散模型，建立了巷道穿采空区段漏风模型，利用流体软件FLUENT对巷道穿采空区段采空区三维空间的流场进行建模，模拟不同情况下采空区的气体分布及压力分布等，通过气体浓度的变化，找到可能发生自燃的区域；最后根据预测及评判结果对重点区域进行治理，保障了工作面的安全生产。

Some laneways need to pass through gob in old coalmines. As residual coal in the gob has suffered oxidation and its temperature is somewhat higher, danger of spontaneous combustion becomes much higher once air is supplied again. Nevertheless, it is necessary to study fire preventing and extinguishing technique in such conditions to ensure safety. The prediction and control technology is researched by the methods of theoretical analysis，mathematical simulation and has application in the spot. Firstly, with the programmed temperature experiment, the reaction character with various sizes under different temperature which can provide basic data for numeric simulation is attained. Secondly, the target systems of coal spontaneous combustion fatalness evaluation formed by coal spontaneous combustion characteristics, specific air-leakage, temperature of surrounding rock and coal, parameters of laneway, moisture, voidage, particle size is pointed out and analyzed, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of coal spontaneous combustion danger is established and applied. Thirdly, by using the on-the-spot observational data and experiment data, equation of osmosis coefficient of different depth, influence function of oxygen consumption with depth, and mathematical model of diffusion of air leakage in the gob, and set up forecast model. Based on the observational data and three-dimensional model for laneway through gob, by using fluid calculation software FLUENT, ventilation leakage condition in the gob can be numerically simulated, and its results are identical with on-the-spot observational data on the whole. By changing boundary conditions, the dangerous zones and the preventive measure are found. Finally, according to the prediction and evaluation results,the fire preventing and extinguishing technology is applied to dangerous zones. Laneway drill through gob successfully and not appear self-ignite symptom.