煤矿瓦斯灾害因吞噬诸多矿工生命，是煤矿安全生产中最为棘手的难题之一。由于煤层透气性差，导致瓦斯抽采困难，严重影响瓦斯的抽采利用。随着开采深度和强度的不断加大，开采困难的问题更加突出，如何将瓦斯资源进行高效抽采，是目前急需解决的问题，腐蚀压裂能有效补充普通水力压裂的不足。本文旨在完善和推进表面活性剂协同复合酸化增透技术，系统研究了表面活性剂协同复合酸液腐蚀煤体孔裂隙结构损伤及其增透机制，高压钻孔胶密封辅助技术和煤层增透装备研发，以及进行了现场工业性试验。研究过程中，采用理论分析、物理实验和现场实践相结合的方法，全面地研究和阐述了表面活性剂协同复合酸化增透技术，并为其推广应用提供了实践案例。

       为揭示腐蚀煤体煤岩微观孔裂隙结构损伤机理，从力学性质、孔隙度及孔隙分布、表面微观形态等多个角度研究了煤体孔裂隙损伤特征。研究表明，腐蚀后煤样力学强度降低，表面活性剂协同复合腐蚀处理后的煤样强度较原煤样减小11.21%；经表面活性剂协同腐蚀处理的煤样，裂隙闭合应变增加了25.92%。屈服应变较小了5.38%，对煤体结构的损伤效果最大。采用液氮吸附测试等方法研究了腐蚀煤体孔裂隙结构损伤演化规律，结果显示，腐蚀处理具有明显的扩孔作用，能够使一些楔形孔转化为圆柱孔。随着腐蚀压裂液组分的增加，煤样的比表面积、孔体积以及孔径均逐渐增大。通过分形维数理论对腐蚀煤样孔隙连通性进行表征。复合酸化煤体分形维数D_w和D_s值都减小，说明复合腐蚀作用改善了煤样孔隙连通性，有利于提高瓦斯抽采效率。

       研制了与腐蚀压裂钻孔密封技术相匹配的高强度微膨胀新型密封材料。通过单因素与多因素实验探究了新型密封材料的最优配比，结果表明AL掺量：生石灰掺量：石膏掺量：其他：水泥掺量=0.56%：0.56%：2%：13.42%：83.46%，且水料比为0.7时最优。

       使用物理相似实验测定得到了适用于试验矿井418工作面的腐蚀压裂技术的压力为10MPa，通过微震监测技术和流量法结合的方式对腐蚀压裂钻孔的合理布置间距进行了研究，对监测试验结果进行综合分析，最终确定腐蚀压裂钻孔的最优布置间距为11m。研究成果进行了现场工业性试验，腐蚀压裂施工作业后，腐蚀压裂孔和导向孔的瓦斯抽采浓度高、流量大，衰减时间慢。经腐蚀压裂工艺应用，瓦斯抽采最高浓度提高了48%，煤层瓦斯抽采效果显著提升。

       本文采用物理实验、数值模拟、理论分析和现场测试等多种手段，揭示了表面活性剂协同的压裂液腐蚀煤体孔裂隙结构损伤特性和增透机理，研究了压裂液腐蚀煤体孔裂隙结构损伤演化规律，表征了不同腐蚀压裂液对煤体孔隙裂隙损伤的分形特征，探究了适用于腐蚀形压裂液的新型钻孔密封材料，丰富了煤层酸化压裂抽采煤层气技术。

    Coal mine gas disaster is one of the most difficult problems in coal mine safety production because it devours the lives of many miners. The poor permeability of coal seams leads to difficulties in gas extraction, which seriously affects the extraction and utilization of gas. With the increasing mining depth and intensity, the problem of mining difficulties becomes more prominent. How to extract gas resources efficiently is an urgent problem, and corrosion fracturing can effectively supplement the shortage of ordinary hydraulic fracturing. This paper aims to improve and advance the surfactant synergistic composite acidizing permeation enhancement technology, and systematically researches the surfactant synergistic composite acid corroding coal pore fracture structure damage and its permeation enhancement mechanism, the high-pressure borehole adhesive sealing auxiliary technology and coal seam permeation enhancement equipment development, as well as conducts field industrial tests. During the research process, a combination of theoretical analysis, physical experiments and field practice was used to comprehensively study and elaborate the surfactant synergistic composite acidizing permeation enhancement technology and provide practical cases for its promotion and application.

    In order to reveal the damage mechanism of microscopic pore and fissure structure of corroded coal bodies, the damage characteristics of microscopic pore and fissure of coal bodies were studied from various perspectives, such as mechanical properties, porosity and pore distribution, and surface microscopic morphology. The study showed that the mechanical strength of the coal samples decreased after corrosion, and the strength of the coal samples treated with surfactant synergistic composite corrosion decreased by 11.21% compared with the original coal samples; the fracture closure strain of the coal samples treated with surfactant synergistic corrosion increased by 25.92%. The yield strain was smaller by 5.38%, which had the greatest effect on the damage of the coal structure. The corrosion treatment has a significant hole expansion effect, which can convert some wedge-shaped holes into cylindrical holes. With the increase of corrosion fracturing fluid components, the specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of the coal sample gradually increased. The values of fractal dimension D_w and D_s of the composite acidified coal body were reduced, indicating that the composite corrosion improved the pore connectivity of the coal sample, which is conducive to improving the gas extraction efficiency.

    New high-strength micro-expansion sealing materials were developed to match with the corrosion fracturing borehole sealing technology. The optimal ratio of the new sealing materials was investigated by single-factor and multi-factor experiments, and the results showed that the dose of AL: lime: gypsum: other: cement = 0.56%: 0.56%: 2%: 13.42%: 83.46%, and the water-to-material ratio was optimal at 0.7.

    The pressure of corrosion fracturing technology applicable to the test mine 418 working face was 10 MPa, and the reasonable spacing of corrosion fracturing boreholes was studied by combining micro-vibration monitoring technology and flow rate method, and the monitoring test results were analyzed comprehensively to determine the optimal spacing of corrosion fracturing boreholes to be 11 m. The research results were tested industrially in the field. After the corrosion fracturing construction operation, the gas extraction concentration in the corrosion fracturing holes and pilot holes is high, the flow rate is high and the decay time is slow. The highest concentration of gas extraction was increased by 48% after the application of corrosion fracturing process, and the effect of coal seam gas extraction was significantly improved.

    In this paper, physical experiments, numerical simulations, theoretical analyses and field tests are used to reveal the damage characteristics and permeation enhancement mechanism of coal pore fracture structure corroded by surfactant-coordinated fracturing fluid, to study the damage evolution law of coal pore fracture structure corroded by fracturing fluid, to characterize the fractal characteristics of coal pore fracture damage by different corrosive fracturing fluids, to explore the new drilling seal material applicable to corrosive fracturing fluid The study enriched the technology of coal seam acid fracturing for CBM extraction.

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