矿产资源是社会进步的重要物质基础之一，随着经济的发展，浅层矿产资源正在逐渐枯竭；开采深度的不断增加，使得越来越多的矿山在开采过程中遇到了热害问题。为此，基于尾砂胶结充填技术，在充填料浆中使用较小粒径的冰粒代替部分水，利用冰粒的融化吸热来缓解矿井热害。本论文以含冰充填料浆和采场空间为研究对象，通过实验测试探究冰水比和料浆浓度对含冰充填料浆内部温度分布，以及围岩边界热流密度、冰水比、砂灰比和料浆浓度对有效降温热量系数和斯蒂芬数的影响。根据实验中温度数据的监测和分析，得出含冰充填材料的相变传热特性及邻近采场的降温效果。

研究结果表明：添加冰粒能有效降低充填料浆的平均温度，实现采场降温。冰水比越大，充填料浆的平均温度越低，对采场的降温效果越好，在料浆浓度为74%时，随着冰水比从1:1依次增加到8:5，降温能力提高了14.5%；料浆浓度越大，充填料浆平均温度越高，对采场的降温效果越差，在冰水比为8:5时，料浆浓度74%时的降温能力比料浆浓度为76%的降温能力提高了16.1%。含冰充填料浆内部整体温度分布特征是由中心向外围逐渐升高，料浆内部各测点温度初期变化速率较大，随后逐渐减小。

使用正交实验方法，选取有效降温热量系数作为评价指标时，四个因素的影响程度由大到小的排列顺序为围岩边界热流密度>砂灰比>冰水比>料浆浓度，因素趋势图显示，边界热流密度、冰水比、砂灰比对有效降温热量系数的影响程度较大，料浆浓度的影响程度较小；选取斯蒂芬数作为评价指标时，四个影响因素的影响程度从大到小依次为边界热流密度>冰水比>料浆浓度>砂灰比，因素趋势图显示，料浆浓度、冰水比对斯蒂芬数的影响程度较大，砂灰比和料浆浓度对斯蒂芬数的影响程度较小，围岩边界热流密度始终是影响评价指标发生变化的最主要因素。极差计算结果分析获取了两种最优配比，其中围岩边界热流密度和冰水比相同，围岩边界热流密度为111W/m²，冰水比为8:5。通过计算，砂灰比4:1与8:1相比，平均有效降温热量系数降低了16.86%，平均斯蒂芬数降低了24.11%，砂灰比对平均有效降温热量系数的影响程度低于对平均斯蒂芬数的影响程度，即砂灰比为4:1时为最优；料浆浓度64%与68%相比，平均有效降温热量系数降低了4.77%，平均斯蒂芬数降低了8.3%，料浆浓度对平均有效降温热量系数的影响程度低于对平均斯蒂芬数的影响程度，即料浆浓度为64%时为最优；综合分析，选取围岩边界热流密度为111W/m²，冰水比为8:5，砂灰比为4:1，料浆浓度为64%时为最优配比。

本论文的研究结果为利用含冰充填料浆进行矿井降温提供了基础数据，对含冰充填开采技术的发展和推广应用起到一定的指导作用，为深部矿产资源的安全、绿色、高效开采提供了新的思路。

Mineral resources are one of the important material bases for social progress. With the development of economy, shallow mineral resources are gradually exhausted. With the increasing of mining depth, more and more mines will encounter heat hazard in the process of mining. Therefore, ice grains with small particle size are used to replace part of the water in the cemented filling slurry based on cement tailing filling technology, and the heat absorption from the melting of ice grains is used to relieve the heat damage of mine.

In this paper, ice-added backfill slurry and simulated stope are selected as research objects, The effects of ice-water ratio and slurry concentration on the internal temperature distribution of ice-filled slurry, as well as the effect of surrounding rock boundary heat flux, ice-water ratio, sand-ash ratio and slurry concentration on the effective cooling heat coefficient and Stephen number were investigated by experimental tests. The phase change heat transfer characteristics of the ice-added backfill materials and cooling effect of adjacent stope were obtained through the monitoring and analysis of the temperature data in the experiment.

The results show that: Adding ice grains can effectively reduce the average temperature of backfill slurry and realize stope cooling. The greater the ice-water ration, the lower the average temperature of backfill slurry and the better the cooling effect on stope. When the slurry concentration is 74%, the cooling capacity increased by 14.5% as the ice-water ratio increased from 1:1 to 8:5 The greater the slurry concentration, the higher the average temperature of backfill slurry, and the worse the cooling effect on stope. When the ice-water ratio is 8:5, the cooling capacity of 74% slurry concentration is 16.1% higher than that of 76% slurry concentration. The overall temperature distribution in the ice-added backfill slurry increases gradually from the center to the boundary. The initial temperature change rate of each measuring point in the ice-added backfill slurry was large, and then decreased gradually.

Using the orthogonal experiment method and when the effective cooling heat coefficient is selected as the evaluation index. The influence degree of the four influencing factors is arranged in the order from large to small as the surrounding rock boundary heat flux > sand-ash ratio > ice-water ratio > slurry concentration. The trend of factors shows that the influence of surrounding rock boundary heat flux, ice water ratio and sand ash ratio on the effective cooling heat coefficient is great, and slurry concentration has less effect. When the Stephen number is selected as the evaluation index. The influence degree of the four influencing factors is arranged in the order from large to small as the boundary heat flux > ice-water ratio > slurry concentration > sand-ash ratio. The trend of factors shows that the influence of slurry concentration and ice-water ratio on the Stephen number is great and sand-ash and slurry concentration has less effect. The surrounding rock boundary heat flux is always the most important factor affecting the change of evaluation index. Two optimal ratios were obtained through the range analysis. The surrounding rock boundary heat flux and ice-water ratio are same in the two optimal ratios. The surrounding rock boundary heat flux is 111W/m² and the ice-water ratio is 8:5. By calculation, compared with sand-ash ratio 8:1, the average effective cooling heat coefficient is reduced by 16.86%, and the average Stephen number is reduced by 24.11%. The influence degree of sand-ash ratio on the average effective cooling heat coefficient is lower than that on the average Stephen number, so, the sand-ash ratio 4:1 is the optimal. Compared with slurry concentration 68%, the average effective cooling heat coefficient is reduced by 4.77%, and the average Stephen number is reduced by 8.3%. The influence degree of slurry concentration on the average effective cooling heat coefficient is lower than that on the average Stephen number, so, the slurry concentration 64% is the optimal. Analysis by synthesis, the optimal ratio was determined when the simulated surrounding rocks heat flux is 111W/m², ice-water ratio is 8:5, sand-ash ratio is 4:1, and slurry concentration is 64%.

The research results of this paper provide basic data for the use of ice-added slurry for mine cooling, play a guiding role in the development and application of ice-added mining technology, and provide a new idea for the safe, green and efficient mining of deep mineral resources.