2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚（Butylated hydroxytoluene，BHT）是常用的抗氧化剂之一，应用十分广泛，它具有中和以及捕获自由基的能力，可以用作精油和化妆品的添加剂，但BHT粉尘的易燃易爆特性使BHT的生产、储存、运输过程中存在较大的火灾爆炸危险性，且长期以来受到的关注极少。为此，本文研究测试了BHT粉尘云的最小点火能及其影响因素变化规律，同时对BHT粉尘的爆炸下限、最大爆炸压力及压升速率进行研究，得出其爆炸界限与爆炸强度，并以此为研究基础，进一步分析了影响BHT粉尘爆炸的主要因素和多种惰性粉体对其爆炸的抑制效果。

首先利用扫描电镜SEM，X射线光电子能谱，TG-DSC同步热分析仪对BHT粉尘的理化特性及热分解阶段特征展开研究。结果表明：BHT粉尘大部分颗粒的形貌呈现不规则的纤维长条状，最终以团簇状堆叠，表面较为粗糙；BHT中碳结构的归属为C－C、C－H、C－O、COO－，氧结构的归属为C－O、C=O，氮结构的赋存形式为吡咯型氮和氮氧化物；BHT粉与空气反应是一个失重放热过程，燃烧过程可分为低温氧化阶段、缓慢氧化阶段、剧烈燃烧阶段和反应平衡阶段。

其次采用1.2L哈特曼管和20L球形爆炸装置研究了BHT粉尘的最小点火能、爆炸界限与爆炸强度。哈特曼管测试结果表明：随着喷粉压力的增加，BHT粉尘的最小点火能呈先减小后增大的趋势，90kPa为最佳喷粉压力，此时BHT粉尘的点火能为最小值5mJ，粉尘浓度对最小点火能的变化规律与喷粉压力对最小点火能的影响规律一致，最佳粉尘浓度为150g/m³；20L球形爆炸装置测试结果显示：BHT粉尘的爆炸下限为18g/m³~38g/m³；BHT粉尘粒径越小，最大爆炸压力越大，爆炸危险性越高；计算得到在不同工况条件下BHT粉尘的最大爆炸压力数学模型公式，预测值与实验值接近，结果具有普适性。

最后选用NaHCO₃、膨胀石墨粉（EG）、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐粉末（MPP）作为抑制剂，利用20L球形爆炸装置研究其在不同质量分数下对BHT粉尘爆炸的抑制作用并对机理进行讨论。研究结果表明：抑制效果随着混合体系中惰性粉体质量分数的增加而增强；EG抑制BHT粉尘爆炸的作用机理表现为物理抑制，而NaHCO₃和MPP均为物理化学共同抑制，当抑制剂质量分数相同时，抑制效果从大到小依次为：EG50（300-500） > NaHCO₃ > MPP。研究结果可为BHT粉尘爆炸防治提供理论基础。

2,6-di-tert-butyl hydroxytoluene (BHT) is one of the commonly used antioxidants, the application is very wide, it has the ability to neutralize and capture free radicals, can be used as additives to essential oils and cosmetics, but the flammable and explosive properties of BHT dust makes the production, storage and transportation of BHT has a greater risk of fire and explosion However, the flammable and explosive properties of BHT dust make the production, storage, and transportation of BHT a major fire and explosion hazard, and has long received little attention. To this end, this paper studies and tests the minimum ignition energy of BHT dust clouds and its influencing factors change law, while the lower explosion limit, maximum explosion pressure and pressure rise rate of BHT dust to study the explosion limit and explosion strength, and as a basis for research, further analysis of the main factors affecting the explosion of BHT dust and a variety of inert powders to inhibit the effect of its explosion.

Firstly, the physical and chemical properties and the characteristics of the thermal decomposition stages of BHT dust were investigated using SEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and TG-DSC simultaneous thermal analyzer. The results showed that the morphology of most of the particles of BHT dust showed irregular fibrous long strips, and finally stacked in clusters with a relatively rough surface; the carbon structure in BHT was attributed to C-C, C-H, C-O, COO-, the oxygen structure was attributed to C-O, C=O, and the fugitive form of nitrogen structure is pyrrole type nitrogen and nitrogen oxide; the reaction between BHT powder and air is a weightless exothermic process, and the combustion process can be divided into low temperature oxidation stage, slow oxidation stage, intense combustion stage and reaction equilibrium stage.

Secondly, 1.2L Hartmann tube and 20L spherical explosive device to study the minimum ignition energy, explosion limits and explosion strength of BHT dust. Hartmann tube test results show that: with the increase in powder pressure, the minimum ignition energy of BHT dust is first decreasing and then increasing trend, 90kPa for the best powder pressure, the minimum ignition energy of BHT dust at this time 5mJ, dust concentration on the minimum ignition energy of the law of change and powder pressure on the minimum ignition energy of the same law, the best dust concentration of 150g/m³; 20L spherical explosion Device test results show that: the lower explosion limit of BHT dust is 18g/m³ ~ 38g/m³; the smaller the particle size of BHT dust, the greater the maximum explosion pressure, the higher the explosion risk; calculated the maximum explosion pressure of BHT dust under different working conditions mathematical model formula, the predicted value is close to the experimental value, the results have universal applicability.

Finally, NaHCO₃, expanded graphite powder (EG) and melamine polyphosphate powder (MPP) were selected as inhibitors, and their inhibitory effects on BHT dust explosion at different mass fractions were studied and the mechanism was discussed using a 20L spherical explosion device. The results show that: the inhibition effect increases with the increase of the mass fraction of inert powder in the mixed system; the mechanism of inhibition of BHT dust explosion by EG is physical inhibition, while NaHCO₃ and MPP are physicochemical co-inhibition, when the inhibitor mass fraction is the same, the inhibition effect is from large to small: EG50 (300-500) > NaHCO₃ > MPP. The results can provide a theoretical basis for BHT dust explosion control.

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