随着煤矿行业高产高效采煤技术的推广与应用，长距离、大运量、大功率的带式输送机得到了广泛的应用。实际生产中，传统的张紧装置尽管有着使用成熟、结构简单等优点，但对它们所带来的张紧力不足、响应缓慢、隐性设备损害严重等缺陷一直没有很好地解决，因此，强力带式输送机的张力动态调节装置的研发成为其安全运行技术的关键之一。 本文在对国内外现有的张紧装置进行分析的基础上，通过对胶带在不同工况下的静、动张力的综合分析，研究其对张紧装置动态特性的具体要求，并运用现代检测技术、液压控制技术和计算机控制技术，提出了实时检测并能自动调节张力的解决方案。设计了包括液压控制部分、张紧力检测部分和电控部分在内的对胶带张紧力实时调控的系统，该系统以张力传感器为监测元件、以比例溢流阀为控制元件，通过改变电流的大小来改变比例溢流阀的压力，进而控制液压系统的压力，实现张紧力的实时调节。对该系统的主要元件进行了建模和选型，并用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件建立了仿真模型，得到了PID校正前后的时间响应曲线和特性响应曲线，并进行比较分析，得出校正后系统的各性能指标均符合要求的结论。此外，对电控系统进行了硬件和软件的设计，并进行了模拟实验，证明了其控制部分的运行可靠性。本文从理论上证明了该种系统的可行性，它具有响应快、适应性强、控制方便、维护简单等特点，克服了传统张紧装置的弊病，延长了胶带的使用寿命，提高了工作效率，为新型自动张紧装置的研发做了一定基础性的工作。

With the popularization and application of high yield and high efficiency coal mining technologies in the coal mine industry, the long-distance, large-capacity and high power belt conveyor is widely used. During the actual production, the traditional tensioning devices have some advantages such as the mature of use and the simple structure, but the defects, for example, their inadequate tensioning, slow response and serious damage to recessive equipment, have not been well resolved. So the development of the dynamic tension control system used in strength belt conveyor becomes one of the key technologies of the safe operation. On the basis of the analysis of home and abroad existing tensioning device, through the comprehensive analysis of the belt’s static and dynamic tension under different conditions, the dynamic characteristics’ specific requirements of the tensioning device are researched, modern detection technologies, hydraulic control technology and computer control technology are applied, and the solution that the belt tension can be real-timely detected and automatically adjusted is put forward. The real-time control system of belt tension is designed, including the hydraulic control part, tension measuring part and electric control part. A tension sensor is used as the monitoring element and a proportional relief valve is served as the control element in this system. Overflow amount of the proportional relief valve is controlled well through changing the size of the input current of the proportional relief valve, in this way, the pressure of the hydraulic system is under the control, then the tension’s being real-timely controlled is realized. The main components of the system are modeled and selected, the simulation software of MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to build the simulation model, and the time response curve and characteristic response curve are got before and after PID correction and are analyzed comparatively. The conclusion that every performance meets system requirements is drawn. In addition, the electronic control system’s hardware and software are designed, the simulation experiment is carried out and the reliability of control system is proved. The feasibility of the system is testified theoretically in this paper. It has many features such as fast response, strong adaptability, convenient control and simple maintenance, overcomes the drawbacks of traditional tensioning device, prolongs the life of the belt，improves work efficiency and does some basic work for the development of the new automatic tensioning device.