近年来，随着澄合矿区煤矿开采活动的持续扩大和深入，下伏奥灰承压水以及K₂含水层对采场底板的潜在危害日益凸显，这些工程地质及水文地质因素显著增加了采场底板遭受破坏的风险，进而提升了底板突水事故发生的概率，对煤矿的安全生产以及人民群众的生命财产安全构成了不容忽视的威胁。在承压水矿区，煤层底板破坏深度的研究对于预防底板突水事故至关重要，这也是澄合矿区煤矿安全生产所面临的主要问题。本文选取澄合矿区西卓煤矿1509综采面作为具体研究对象，综合运用室内试验、理论计算、现场测试以及数值模拟相结合的方法，对该综采面底板破坏深度进行深入研究。研究成果为西卓煤矿的安全生产提供了有力支撑，保证工作面顺利回采。以下是本文研究主要成果：

（1）在分析总结西卓煤矿矿井概况和1509综采面工程地质、水文地质资料的基础上，系统研究影响西卓煤矿1509综采面安全回采的主要因素，即奥灰含水层充分的水源和K₂灰岩含水层在采动作用下发生的水力联系。通过确定水力联系的位置，采用钻孔取芯的方式对1509综采面回风顺槽煤层底板下23m范围内的煤岩体取样，并进行室内物理力学参数测试，测试结果可为理论计算和数值模拟提供相应的基础参数。

（2）基于1509综采面概况和矿山压力与岩层控制理论，分别建立与综采面倾走向相关的力学计算模型，并以弹性理论分析沿综采面倾向和走向的应力变化规律与破坏特征；运用莫尔-库伦准则确定采煤过程中综采面前方煤壁边缘在极限平衡条件下产生的塑性区宽度，并利用塑性滑移线理论计算综采面回采过程中的底板最大塑性破坏深度，从理论分析的角度对1509综采面底板破坏深度进行预测。

（3）使用超声波围岩裂隙探测仪和钻孔应力计对煤层底板破坏深度进行现场实测，通过分析实测数据，确定底板破坏深度；在考虑底板岩层承压水压力的情况下，采用FLAC^3D模拟不同采宽和推进距离下煤层底板岩体的垂直应力变化规律和破坏特征情况，通过现场测试与数值模拟进一步验证理论分析的正确性。

（4）基于工程地质和水文地质资料，并结合前文计算结果，采用突水系数法和弹性理论对西卓煤矿1509综采面煤层底板突水危险性进行预测分析，并对比1509综采面底板奥灰承压水最大静压力，说明该综采面的安全回采与否。根据分析结果，提出西卓煤矿1509综采面具体的煤层底板突水防治建议与加固措施。

In recent years, with the continuous expansion and deepening of coal mining activities in Chenghe mining area, the potential hazards of underlying Ordovician limestone confined water and K₂ aquifer to the stope floor have become increasingly prominent. These engineering geological and hydrogeological factors have significantly increased the risk of damage to the stope floor, thereby increasing the probability of water inrush accidents from the floor, which poses a threat to the safety of coal mine production and the safety of people 's lives and property that cannot be ignored. In the confined water mining area, the research on the failure depth of coal seam floor is very important for preventing floor water inrush accidents, which is also the main problem faced by coal mine safety production in Chenghe mining area. In this paper, 1509 fully mechanized mining face of Xizhuo Coal Mine in Chenghe mining area is selected as the specific research object. The failure depth of the floor of the fully mechanized mining face is deeply studied by means of indoor test, theoretical calculation, field test and numerical simulation. The research results provide strong support for the safe production of Xizhuo Coal Mine and ensure the smooth mining of the working face. The following are the main results of this study :

(1) Based on the analysis and summary of the general situation of Xizhuo Coal Mine and the engineering geological and hydrogeological data of 1509 fully mechanized mining face, the main factors affecting the safe mining of 1509 fully mechanized mining face in Xizhuo Coal Mine are systematically studied, that is, the sufficient water source of Ordovician limestone aquifer and the hydraulic connection of K₂ limestone aquifer under mining action. By determining the location of the hydraulic connection, the coal and rock mass within 23 m below the coal seam floor of the return air gateway in 1509 fully mechanized mining face is sampled by means of drilling coring, and the indoor physical and mechanical parameters are tested. The test results can provide the corresponding basic parameters for theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.

(2) Based on the general situation of 1509 fully mechanized mining face and the theory of mine pressure and strata control, the mechanical calculation models related to the dip direction of fully mechanized mining face are established respectively, and the stress variation law and failure characteristics along the dip direction and direction of fully mechanized mining face are analyzed by elastic theory. The Mohr-Coulomb criterion is used to determine the width of the plastic zone generated by the edge of the coal wall in front of the fully mechanized mining face under the limit equilibrium condition, and the plastic slip line theory is used to calculate the maximum plastic failure depth of the floor during the mining process of the fully mechanized mining face. From the perspective of theoretical analysis, the failure depth of the floor of 1509 fully mechanized mining face is predicted.

(3) The ultrasonic surrounding rock crack detector and borehole stress meter are used to measure the failure depth of coal seam floor, and the failure depth of floor is determined by analyzing the measured data. Considering the confined water pressure of floor strata, FLAC^3D is used to simulate the vertical stress variation law and failure characteristics of coal seam floor rock mass under different mining width and advancing distance. The correctness of theoretical analysis is further verified by field test and numerical simulation.

(4) Based on the engineering geological and hydrogeological data, combined with the previous calculation results, the water inrush coefficient method and elastic theory are used to predict and analyze the water inrush risk of coal seam floor in 1509 fully mechanized mining face of Xizhuo Coal Mine, and the maximum static pressure of Ordovician limestone confined water in 1509 fully mechanized mining face floor is compared to illustrate whether the fully mechanized mining face is safe or not. According to the analysis results, the specific prevention and control suggestions and reinforcement measures of coal seam floor water inrush in 1509 fully mechanized mining face of Xizhuo Coal Mine are put forward.

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