目前，冻结法凿井技术已成为东、西部地区煤矿立井井筒穿越冲积层、软弱富水岩层等特殊地质条件的主要施工方法，且井筒直径和深度越来越大。但井筒解冻后造成的井筒渗漏水问题依然威胁矿井的安全生产，如何防止井筒渗漏水是冻结法凿井急需研究解决的关键问题之一。 造成井筒渗漏水的原因是多方面的，大量的研究表明，解冻后冻结孔与冻结管之间形成的竖向环形导水通道是造成井筒渗漏水的主要原因之一。采用缓凝水泥浆置换冻结孔内粘土浆，利用其硬化特性封堵冻结管与围岩间的环形空间，可主动有效的防止井筒渗漏水。本文通过大量的室内试验，并结合理论分析，对缓凝水泥浆液的特性和封孔防水效果等技术关键开展了较为全面的研究。 首先，在总结井筒渗漏水的原因和防治措施的基础上，分析了超深冻结孔置换水泥浆封孔防水作用机理，并根据其工艺和防水技术要求，对冻结管沉降受力状态、水泥浆的流变特性及封孔防水影响因素进行了较系统的分析。 其次，通过大量的室内试验，对水泥浆液凝结时间、稳定性及流动性进行试验研究，确定了满足要求的超深冻结孔置换用水泥浆各组成材料的配合比和掺量。特别是采用西安科技大学研制的JS-1型高效缓凝剂，浆液的初凝时间能够达到40h以上，完全满足超深冻结孔置换用缓凝水泥浆液的技术要求。 最后，采用室内模拟试验方法，测定了冻融作用下结石体单轴抗压强度及结石体与周围介质胶结面处的抗剪强度，得出了冻融作用下其力学特性明显降低的变化规律，也验证了掺加膨胀剂能够显著提高结石体与周围介质抗剪强度，提高封孔防水效果的结论。通过工程实例对该技术的应用做了进一步的说明。

In recent years, with the construction of western rock mining which is well watered,ultra-ground freezing method for shaft sinking is gradually widely used . In order to prevent freezing holes become vertical guide water channel, threat Underground tunnel cavern even the safety of the mine, Freezing hole to seal hole is the key problem in urgent need of research to solve. In view of the problem, for the freezing hole retarding cement grout hole sealing construction faced by retarding cement retarding time, water sealing performance of slurry concretion body and a series of key technical problems. Combined with theoretical analysis, this research through a large number of indoor test, conducted a relatively comprehensive research First of all, through consulting relevant literature, Summarizes and analyzes the deep freeze hole retarding mechanism of cement waterproof technology. Block freezing holes and the annular space, blocking the upper to the lower water flow, by the slurry consolidation. The key technology of extracting waterproof technology, initial setting time of Slurry is to reach 30 h, slurry has a good stability, stone body mechanics performance to meet the requirements of deep ground pressure Secondly, through lots of laboratory tests, researches on the coagulation time and stability of retarded cement slurry are conducted. The study shows that, by applying the JS-1 type concrete retarder developed by Xi’an University of Science and Technology, the initial setting time of the cement slurry can reach over 40 hours, meeting the requirement of ultra-ground freezing method for shaft sinking, that is through mixing bentonite into the cement slurry, the stability of retarded cement slurry will be greatly improved. Lastly, via the method of laboratory sample simulation experiment, study is carried out to measure how the uniaxial compressive strength of the cement grout stones with different water cement ratios will change in the freezing and thawing. At the same time, how the shear strength between the cement grout stones and the cementation plane of the neighboring medium will change in the freezing and thawing is also measured. By mixing expanding agent into the retarded cement grouts, conclusion is made that shear strength between cement grout stones and its neighboring medium can be effectively improved through mixing the expansion agent.