摘 要 矿井生产系统是一个复杂多变的服务系统，设计受矿井地质、生产装备、开采技术及管理水平等诸多因素影响。矿井生产系统的布置以井田内煤层开采单元的划分为前提，而回采单元又是开采单元划分的基础，其参数的合理与否不仅影响矿井生产系统的合理性，而且影响矿井安全生产的效率、效益、产量以及回采率。回采单元参数的优化是实现矿井开采优化最基础和最核心的问题。优化结果能为采矿工程技术人员提供科学的决策支持和最优的生产方案，以达到在有限的已知信息和一定的技术条件下，最大限度的降低投资风险，实现高产高效的目的。 本文以回采单元参数最优化问题为背景，根据回采单元对矿井安全生产评价指标的影响，建立了回采单元参数的优化模型。首先对回采单元参数进行了独立分析，建立了单参数优化模型，分别针对产量、效益及效率等评价指标建立了多项式函数、反比例函数、对勾函数等函数模型；又由于各参数之间具有联合分布特性，因而构建了双参数最值优化模型，针对吨煤成本建立了多项式和分式组合形式的模型；其次根据双参数优化模型的非线性无约束特点采用了DFP法进行求解，所得结果逼近真实值；最后由实验结果分析可知，回采单元参数模型对各个评价指标具有一定的预测能力。因此，本文所研究内容对解决回采单元参数最优化问题是可行有效的。

ABSTRACT The mine production system is a complicated and changeable service system, the design of which is affected by many factors like the mine geology, production equipments, mining technology and management level, etc. The layout of the mine production system takes the mining unit division of coal seam within the mine as the prerequisite; the mining unit division is based on the extraction unit. Whether the parameters of the extraction unit is reasonable or not affects whether the mine production system is reasonable or not as well as affects the efficiency, benefit, yield, security of mining as well as the recovery rate of coal resources. It is the most and core issue to realize mining optimization to research the extraction unit parameters with mathematical method. The research result can provide mine engineering and technical personnel with scientific decision-making support, optimal production scheme and parameters so as to increase the recovery rate and yield, enhance security, maximally reduce their investment risk and achieve the purpose of high yield and high efficiency under the conditions of limited known information and certain technology. Taking the issue of optimizing parameters of the extraction unit as the background, according to the effect of extraction unit on evaluation indexes of safety production, optimization model of whic is established; First, through the independent analysis of the extraction unit parameters, one-parameter optimization model of has been established, according to yield, efficiency, ton-coal cost and reliability respectively, quadratic function model, inverted function model, check function model, and polynomial function have been established; Second, for the joint distribution characteristic of the parameters, two-parameter optimization model has been established, according to ton-coal cost, the model has been established. by fractional and polynomial function Third, for two-parameter optimization model is nonlinear unconstrained optimization problem, the model has been solved by adopting the DFP Method, according to the characteristic of which, and the optimization result matches practical case; Last, through Matlab simulation and analysis & evaluation of its result, the correct application of this method in the issue of the extraction unit parameters optimization is validated.