我国农村地区建筑面积约占全国的三分之一，随着国家大力倡导绿色节能建筑，传统民居节能优化也逐渐被重视，通过更换绿色建筑材料、优化平面布局、利用可再生资源等方式达到建筑室内舒适度提升的同时降低建筑能耗是民居节能设计的主要目标。本文以徽派民居为研究对象，作为我国建筑的重要流派，徽派民居以其独特的建筑风格经久不衰，但现存的传统徽派民居年代久远，室内热舒适性、采光等条件都难以满足居民的要求。通过对徽派民居的实地调研，发现传统民居缺乏保温措施，部分围护结构热工性能达不到《安徽省居住建筑节能设计标准》（DB 34/1466-2019）中的最低限值。分析现场实测数据发现民居室内热环境未能满足居住者的基本舒适要求，更多居民选择使用空调和电暖等设备，在提高室内舒适度的同时建筑能耗也随之增加，因此需要为传统徽派民居提供合理高效的节能优化方案。本文以提高传统徽派民居室内舒适度并降低建筑能耗为目的，提出针对性的节能措施，以实现徽派民居的可持续发展。

基于DeST软件进行能耗模拟研究，首先根据黄山市典型民居的实际参数建立模型，通过调整气象、室内热扰等相关参数使其符合实际，计算建筑改造前全年冷、热负荷及累计负荷作为节能改造对比的基数。结合黄山市气候条件及经济发展水平，通过改进围护结构材料以提高其热工性能。对外墙、外窗和屋顶提出不同的节能方案并利用正交试验组合成12种方案，利用能耗模拟、极差分析和经济性分析对节能方案进行综合比较，分析影响建筑能耗的主次因素，确定兼具节能效果和经济性的最佳节能方案。对比改造前后冬季民居主要房间的模拟室内温度和对应的PMV值，发现改造后建筑室内热环境有明显提升，基本满足居民对舒适度的要求。

The building area of rural areas in China accounts for about one third of the country. With the gradual promotion of building energy conservation by the state, the energy-saving optimization of traditional residential buildings has been paid more and more attention, the main goal of residential energy-saving design is to improve indoor comfort and reduce building energy consumption by replacing green building materials, optimizing plane layout and using renewable resources. As an important school of architecture in China, Hui style dwellings have been enduring for a long time with their unique architectural style. However, the traditional Hui style dwellings preserved now have a long history, and the indoor thermal comfort and daylighting are difficult to meet the requirements of residents. Through the field investigation of Hui style dwellings, it is known that the traditional houses lack thermal insulation measures, and the thermal performance of some envelope structures can not reach the minimum limit in the specification. More residents choose to use air conditioning, electric heating and other equipment, which not only improves indoor comfort, but also increases building energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to provide reasonable and efficient energy-saving optimization strategies for traditional Hui style residential buildings. In order to improve the indoor comfort of traditional Hui style houses and reduce building energy consumption, this paper puts forward targeted energy-saving measures to realize the sustainable development of Hui style houses.

The energy consumption simulation research is mainly based on DeST software, first, the model is built according to the actual parameters of typical residential buildings, then the relevant parameters such as meteorological parameters and indoor thermal disturbance are adjusted to conform to the actual situation. The annual cold, thermal load and accumulated load of the building before transformation are calculated as the base of energy saving reconstruction. Combined with the climate conditions and economic development level of Huangshan City, the thermal performance is improved by improving the envelope materials. Different energy-saving schemes for exterior walls, windows and roofs are proposed, and 12 schemes are combined by orthogonal test. The energy-saving schemes are compared and analyzed by energy consumption simulation, range analysis and economic analysis, and the factors affecting building energy consumption are ranked, and the scheme with better energy-saving effect and economy is selected as the best energy-saving scheme. Simulate the indoor temperature of the main rooms of the residential houses after the transformation of the best energy-saving scheme and calculate the corresponding PMV. Compared with that before the energy-saving transformation, it is found that the indoor thermal environment of the buildings after the transformation has been significantly improved, which basically meets the requirements of residents for comfort. The research verified that the energy-saving design of traditional Hui style residential buildings can improve indoor comfort and reduce building energy consumption, and help Hui style residential buildings develop in the direction of energy-saving comfort and environmental harmony.

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