区域水土资源总量的承载限度是研究生态安全、区域和谐发展的前提和基础，对于国土空间规划的完善具有至关重要的作用。传统的资源承载力研究存在一定不足：一是多以土地资源和水资源的单一指标展开，耦合性研究较少；二是传统的承载力评价多基于静态描述并划分等级，对承载能力大小的认识还有欠缺。本文以汉阴县水土资源承载力为研究对象，在生态足迹基础上加入能值分析，将资源消耗量转化为统一的生产性面积，测算能值水土资源生态足迹和生态承载力，并得出盈余/赤字情况；同时预测水土资源可承载规模。基于建立的评价指标体系，对障碍因素进行了分析；最后，分析汉阴县人均水土资源耦合情况，利用SWOT模型分析提出提升水土资源承载力的战略方案。

经研究，得出以下结论：（1）汉阴县水资源供给大于需求，土地资源出现赤字。2017-2020年的水资源生态足迹总量呈现波动变化趋势，工业和生活用水足迹均持续增加，水资源略有盈余；草地生态足迹占比较大，耕地生态足迹次之，人均土地资源能值生态足迹大于人均土地资源能值生态承载力。（2）水资源承载力大于土地资源承载力。不同水文年的水资源承载耕地灌溉用水能力存在差异，中等干旱年满足耕地灌溉用水需要的可用水量较为不安全；预测未来土地资源下粮食可承载的人口规模，对比人口现状表现出土地资源超载。（3）影响水土资源承载力的障碍指标。结果显示城镇化率、垦殖率、人均水资源生态足迹和水资源开发利用率是制约汉阴县水土资源承载力发展的主要因素。（4）水土资源耦合水平与当年降水量相关。人均水土资源生态足迹的耦合状态是不稳定的。总体上，汉阴县水土资源生态承载能力与人均水土资源生态足迹的耦合状态较差，且与当年降水量的大小有很大的相关性。（5）优化路径的提出。利用SWOT模型分析了汉阴县水土资源承载力的相关因素，提出了提升水土资源承载力的优化路径。

通过强化水土资源承载力的变化特征，综合分析水土资源承载力的耦合程度，以期加强资源和环境对生态发展的底线制约，对汉阴县国土空间规划的资源合理分配提供优化建议。

The carrying limit of the total regional water and soil resources is the premise and foundation for the study of ecological security and harmonious regional development, and plays a vital role in the improvement of territorial spatial planning. The traditional research on the bearing capacity of resources has certain shortcomings: firstly, it is mostly carried out by a single indicator of land resources and water resources, with less coupling research; secondly, the traditional bearing capacity evaluation is mostly based on static description and classification of levels, and the understanding of the size of bearing capacity is still lacking. This paper takes the carrying capacity of soil and water resources in Hanyin County as the research object, adds energy value analysis on the basis of ecological footprint, converts resource consumption into a uniform productive area, measures the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of energy-valued soil and water resources, and derives the surplus/deficit situation; at the same time, predicts the scale of soil and water resources that can be carried. Based on the established evaluation index system, the obstacle factors are analysed; finally, the coupled water and soil resources per capita in Hanyin County are analysed, and the SWOT model analysis is used to propose a strategic plan to enhance the carrying capacity of water and soil resources.

After the study, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) the supply of water resources in Hanyin County is greater than the demand, and land resources are in deficit. the total ecological footprint of water resources from 2017 to 2020 shows a fluctuating trend, with both industrial and domestic water footprints continuing to increase and a slight surplus of water resources; the ecological footprint of grassland accounts for a larger proportion, followed by the ecological footprint of arable land, and the ecological footprint of land resources energy value per capita is greater than the land resources energy value per capita Ecological carrying capacity. (2) The carrying capacity of water resources is greater than the carrying capacity of land resources. There are differences in the capacity of water resources to carry irrigation water for arable land in different hydrological years, and the amount of water available to meet the irrigation water needs of arable land in a medium dry year is more insecure; the size of the population that can be carried by food under the projected future land resources, compared with the current population situation shows an overload of land resources. (3) Barrier indicators affecting the carrying capacity of soil and water resources. The results show that urbanization rate, reclamation rate, per capita ecological footprint of water resources and water resources development and utilization rate are the main factors limiting the development of the carrying capacity of water and land resources in Hanyin County. (4) The coupling level of soil and water resources is related to the precipitation of the current year. The coupled state of the ecological footprint of per capita soil and water resources is unstable. In general, the coupling state of the ecological carrying capacity of soil and water resources and the ecological footprint of soil and water resources per capita in Hanyin County is poor, and there is a great correlation with the magnitude of precipitation in the current year. (5) The proposed optimization path. The SWOT model was used to analyze the factors related to the carrying capacity of soil and water resources in Hanyin County, and the optimization path to enhance the carrying capacity of soil and water resources was proposed.

To strengthen the bottom-line constraints of resources and environment on ecological development by strengthening the changing characteristics of the carrying capacity of water and soil resources and comprehensively analyzing the coupling degree of the carrying capacity of water and soil resources, with a view to providing optimal suggestions for the rational allocation of resources in the territorial spatial planning of Hanyin County.

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