矿井水害是威胁煤矿安全生产的主要灾害之一，随着煤炭资源不断开发利用，煤矿开采逐渐向埋深大、地质条件复杂区域延伸，开采方式由单煤层向多煤层发展，矿井水文地质条件更加复杂，矿井水害防治工作面临更大挑战。进行煤层顶板含水层富水性评价，研究双煤层开采覆岩破坏规律，预测采动条件下含水层对煤层涌（突）水危险性，对指导开展煤矿防治水工作有重要实际价值。 本文以位于石炭二叠系煤田东北端的象山矿井为研究区，通过勘探和生产阶段资料综合分析，总结了矿井充水因素和矿井涌水量相关因素，分析得出矿井顶板充水水源主要是下石盒子组和山西组砂岩裂隙含水层水，充水通道主要是采动裂隙，矿井充水强度受构造、导高发育及含水层富水性等多种因素控制。结合矿井实际，选取富水砂岩厚度、 砂地比、钻孔冲洗液消耗量、岩心采取率、埋深、构造特征作为主控因素，采用基于MATLAB改进的层次分析法确定权重建立了富水性评价模型，使用GIS进行多源信息融合评价了煤层顶板含水层富水性，将含水层富水性划分为弱富水区、较弱富水区、中等富水区、较强富水区和强富水区五级，并编制了含水层富水性分区图。 通过相似材料模拟和RFPA2D数值模拟，研究了双煤层开采条件下覆岩破坏规律，模拟得出了煤层顶板易出现离层的位置，以及自下而上形成的冒落带—裂隙带—冒落带—裂隙带—弯曲下沉带的覆岩破坏形态，确定了3煤裂采比为20倍，5-1煤复采时裂采比为22.3倍，并编制了顶板冒裂程度分区图。 运用GIS对含水层富水性分区图和冒裂程度分区图进行重分类和叠加，制定涌（突）水危险性分级标准，将煤层顶板涌（突）水危险性划分为安全、较安全、中等、较危险、危险五类，分析得出5-1煤复采时顶板涌（突）水危险区域面积明显大于3煤单独开采，矿井未来开采北二采区时受顶板水威胁严重，南一、南二采区相对安全，研究成果对指导矿井防治水工作开展具有重要意义。

Mine water disaster is one of the main disasters of coal mine safety production. With the continuous utilization of coal resources, the coal mining is gradually extended to the area with large buried depth and complex geological conditions, the mining mode is developing from single seam to multi seam. The hydrogeological condition of the mine is more complex, and the mine disaster prevention work is facing greater challenges. There are great practical value for guiding the work of water prevention and control in coal mines to forecast of coal seam roof water hazard, evaluation of aquifer water rich by a more accurate and convenient method, study on cover rock stratum failure law of double seam mining and predict the risk of aquifer to coal seam mining. In this paper, the Xiangshan mine, located in the northeast of the Carboniferous Permian coal field, is the research area. Through the comprehensive analysis of exploration and production data, summed up the mine water-filled factors and related factors of mine inflow, analysis of mine roof water-filled source is Lower Shihezi Formation and Shanxi formation sandstone fissure aquifer, water-filled channel is mainly mining cracks, the water-filled strength of the mine is controlled by many factors, such as structure, height of fractured water-conducting zone and so on. According to the actual situation of the mine, selected water rich sandstone thickness, net-to-gross ratio, drilling fluid consumption, coring rate, depth, geologic structure features as the main control factors, using MATLAB improved AHP to determine weights and establish water enrichment evaluation model, using GIS for multi-source information fusion evaluation of coal seam roof water yield capacity, the aquifer water is divided into weak water rich area, rich in water, rich in water, weak medium strong water rich and strong water rich area of five grades, and the map of water-richment divisions can be get. Through the simulation of similar material and RFPA2D numerical simulation, the failure law of overlying rock under the condition of double coal seam mining is studied. the simulation shows that the prone position of roof abscission layer, and the Failure morphology of the overlying strata is caved zone- crack zone- caved zone- crack zone- bending zone from bottom up. The 3# coal mining splitting ratio is 20 times, 5-1# coal mining fissure mining ratio is 22.3 times, and the roof caving degree zoning map is drawn up. After setting water hazard classification standards, classified and superposed the aquifer water zones and caving degree zoning map by GIS, and then the risk of water filling in the roof of coal seam is divided into five areas, which are safe, safe, medium, dangerous and dangerous. 5-1# coal mining roof water hazard area significantly greater than 3# coal mining. The mine is seriously threatened by the roof water when the mine is mined in the north second mining areas in the future, and the South first and south second mining areas are relatively safe. The research results are of great significance to guide the work of mine water prevention and control.