随着现代红外技术的快速发展，民用红外监控系统及军用红外探测系统得到了广泛的应用。由于红外摄像器件本身及探测环境影响，成像效果并不理想。在实际应用中，需要对获得的红外图像进行必要的增强处理，使其更适于人眼观察。同时利用对红外目标的检测、分割来确定不易辨认的目标物，为后续的识别与智能控制等奠定基础。 本文首先介绍了红外成像机理，在分析了红外图像特点的基础上，比较了几种经典红外图像增强算法。根据红外成像具有图像模糊、噪声大等特点，提出了将平台直方图均衡与增强高通滤波结合的红外图像处理算法。实验结果表明，该算法能够增强图像目标、有效的抑制噪声，具有较好的视觉效果。 图像分割是图像处理的重要环节，本文在分析了几种经典图像分割算法的基础上，主要研究了边缘检测和阈值分割算法。针对边缘检测只显示目标轮廓，边缘线条较多且不连续，而阈值分割则忽略了目标与目标之间的边缘细节问题，本文提出了一种新的红外图像分割算法。该算法使用Sobel算子进行边缘检测，同时利用改进的Otsu进行阈值分割，然后对两幅图像进行融合。实验证明分割后的图像目标轮廓清晰，图像边缘细节特征明显，有利于图像的特征提取、目标识别等。

With the fast development of the infrared technology, infrared monitor system is widely used in civil and military fields. Because of the limitations of infrared monitor and the affection of the environment, the quality of infrared imaging is not such satisfactory. In practical application, image enhancement technology is benefit to view of the obtained image. Meanwhile, undistinguished target can be confirmed by detection and segmentation, providing foundations for the following identification and intelligent control. Firstly, infrared imaging mechanism is introduced. Based on analyzing the characteristics of infrared image, some classic infrared image enhancing algorithms are compared. According to such characteristics as blurred image and high noise, a new algorithm combining platform histogram equalization with enhanced high-pass filtering is proposed. The results show that the algorithm can enhance the object and restrain noise of infrared image, achieving better visual effect. The segmentation of infrared image is a part in infrared image processing. Edge detection and Otsu is studied in depth based on the analyzing of some segmentation methods. To solve the shortcomings of edge detection and Otsu, a new segmentation algorithm is proposed in this paper. In this algorithm, edge detection and image segment are performed by Sobel operators and improved Otsu, respectively. Experimental results show that the contour of the segmented image is clear; the characteristic of the edge detail is evident. The algorithm is benefit to infrared image feature extraction and target recognition.