当配电网中存在电力供需矛盾时，为了尽可能多地满足用户的用电需求，结合我国实际情况，提出了一系列可以缓解供需矛盾的负荷管理技术措施的生成算法。 将不会影响用户用电量的负荷均衡化措施作为缓解供需矛盾的首选，提出了旨在调整运行方式的联络开关单步平移操作的概念，在此基础上实现了一个连通系内以负荷均衡化为目标的网络重构。 提出了一种最优错峰轮休计划的生成方法。在给定运行方式下，以可控制负荷的作息时间变更和轮休调整为基因，以受影响的户时数最少或受影响的电量与变更时间的乘积之和最少为目标函数，采用遗传算法进行优化，获得当前运行方式下的最佳错峰轮休计划。采用启发式算法获得考虑了运行方式后的最优错峰轮休计划，并采用随机初值的策略增加获得全局最优解的机会。以一个典型的三分段三联络配电网为例进行了分析，测试结果表明了提出的方法的可行性，而且考虑的因素越多，优化的结果越好。 提出了一种最优停电计划的生成方法。采用联络开关单步平移操作调整运行方式，将一天分为多个控制阶段，以可中断负荷为基因，采用二进制编码表示用户各个阶段是否停电，以受影响的户时数最少或损失电量最小为目标函数，以电气设备极限容量、最大运行方式切换次数为约束条件，采用遗传算法进行优化，获得当前运行方式下的最优停电计划，采用启发式算法获得考虑了运行方式后的最优停电计划。算例测试结果表明，提出的方法是可行的。 在MATLAB平台上编写了相关算法的实现程序。测试结果表明：当配电网中电力供需紧张时，提出的一系列负荷管理技术措施的配合应用在缓解供需矛盾的同时，可以把对用户的影响降到最低。

In order to meet the requirements of customers as much as possible in case of being lack of power supplying, a series of technical approaches are proposed. The load balancing measure is selected as the first choice to relieve the contradiction between supplying and needing since the customers are not influenced. Based on a single-step process on loop switches, a distribution network reconfiguration approach for load balancing is realized. An approach to obtain the optimal peak load shifting plan is proposed. The modes of working schedule regulation and holiday staggering plan are regarded as genes. The summation of products between affected user number and affected time or the summation of products between affected kWh and affected time are used as the index. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is introduced to get the best peak load shifting plan at a certain operation mode. A single-step process on loop switches is defined to adjust the operation mode. A heuristic method is developed to obtain the optimal plan in all operation modes. By using random initial value process, the possibility to reach the global optimum solution is remarkably increased. A typical three-section-three-connecting grid is given as an example showing the feasibility of the proposed method. It is also shown that the property of the result improves with the increasing of the number of involved elements. An approach to obtain the optimal outage schedule plan is proposed to reduce the influence on customers in case of being lack of power supplying. Single-step adjustment is used to change the position of the looped switches. One day is divided into several control stages. The interruptible loads are regarded as genes. A binary coding is adopted to indicate whether there are outages in the corresponding control stages. The summation of products between affected user number and affected time or the total lost kWh is used as the index. The limitation of outage times for each customer in one day is introduced by a penalty factor. The constraint conditions include the limitations of electrical apparatus and the maximum permitted times to change operating modes. GA is introduced to get the best outage schedule plan at a certain operating mode. By taking a random initial value measure, the possibility to reach the global optimal solution is remarkably increased. An example is given showing the feasibility of the proposed method.The described algorithms are realized on MATLAB platform. The testing results show that: in case of being lack of power supply, the coordination application of the proposed approaches can not only eliminate the contradiction between supplying and requirements, but also minimize the effects on customers.