本文以已经投入运行的国内首套实时集群系统为研究背景，从体系结构的角度对实时集群计算机进行了系统的研究。论文首先分析了集群计算机的体系结构，该结构无论是硬件还是软件方面都不能满足对实时性要求比较高的控制系统的需求，然后给出了实时集群计算机体系结构的构建方案。构建方案中分别介绍了实时集群计算机硬件平台和软件平台的构建。实时集群计算机硬件平台的设计中各节点机通过千兆网络交换机互连，确保多传感器数据的实时接收和传递。软件平台的设计是实时集群计算机的核心内容。应用于军事指挥控制、舰艇指挥控制等系统的实时集群计算机对集群节点消息传递的实时性、任务负载调度的实时性以及任务数据处理的实时性有着严格的要求。在软件部分详细分析和讨论了单一系统映像、基于动态任务分配表的负载平衡机制和实时消息传递系统的设计中关键技术的处理策略。性能测试部分验证了该体系结构的可行性。

The architecture of real-time cluster is studied based on the research of the first real-time cluster computer system in our country. The paper discussed the normal cluster system, and neither the hardware nor the software could meet the need of the real time of control system. Therefore, the paper put forward a project of the architecture of real-time cluster system, which respectively introduced the hardware and the software of the real-time cluster computer. Servers are linked by the kilometer Ethernet, so the data can be transferred and received in time. Software is the kernel of the system. The real-time of messages’ transferring, tasks’ load balancing, and tasks’ disposing were requested strictly in control system. The design of the software include parallel computing model, real-time dynamic load balancing and messages transfer system. The test of the system’s capability validated the feasibility of the architecture.