岩石破碎技术的研究是岩土工程及采矿工程中的重要课题之一。为了解决隧道掘进、深部采矿中岩石机械钻凿和破碎的高速高效问题，以实现“微波+机械”的新型破岩系统为目标，需探讨微波照射后岩石抗冲击性能的变化规律。这为微波辅助机械破碎岩石技术的应用提供理论依据，对 微波辅助机械破碎岩石新技术、岩石破碎 理 论的 发 展 和合理运用都具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。 本 文 通过采 用理 论分析与试验研究相 结 合的方法，对微波照射后岩石抗冲击 性 能 的变化进行了相关的研究。通过改变微波照射的功率、岩石种类、冲击荷载等参数，探究 岩石在微波照射 后其抗冲击性能的变化规律，并通过微波照射后岩石冲击断口电镜扫描试验对岩石产生损伤的原因进行分析验证，分析了微波照射后岩石抗冲击性能弱化的原因、岩石冲击裂纹的破坏特征及岩石冲击断裂过程。具体研究内容及取得成果如下： （1）通过分析了岩石不同矿物对微波加热的加热响应，探究了微波照射后岩石热破裂的基本原理以及微波照射后岩石抗冲击性能降低的原因，影响微波照射后岩石抗冲击性能变化的因素与岩石矿物组成成分，岩石种类，微波照射参数，岩石结构类型以及冲击荷载加载方式等有关。 （2）采用 自 主 改进的落 锤冲击试验装置对微波照射后岩石的抗 冲 击 性 能 进行试验，试验过程中，在微波照射时间一定的条件下改变微波照射功率，得到不同情况下三种岩石抗冲击性能弱化情况：在0-10kW范围内，微波照射功率越高岩石抗冲击性能弱化越明显，不同岩石在相同的试验条件下抗冲击性能弱化程度不同。 （3）利用扫描电镜对微波照射后岩石冲击断口进行了扫描电镜试验，对三种岩石裂纹断口的形貌、微裂纹类型和微观断裂模型进行了研究，从细观的角度验证微波照射后岩石抗冲击性能弱化的原因，与落锤冲击试验结果的理论分析形成对比和论证。

The study of rock-breaking technology is one of the important subjects in geotechnical engineering and mining engineering. In order to solve the problems of rock mechanical drilling and crushing with high speed and efficiency, such as tunnel driving and deep mining, and achieve a new system of "Microwave + Machine" rock breaking as the goal. It is necessary to explore the damage law of impact resistance of rock caused by microwave irradiation. This provides a theoretical basis for the application of microwave-assisted rock mechanical drilling and crushing. The development of microwave-assisted rock mechanical crushing technology, rock crushing theory and rational use have important theoretical and practical significance. By using a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental methods, the variation of rock impact resistance which irradiated by microwave were studied in this paper systematically. By changing the microwave power, rock types, impact load and so on, studying the rock impact resistance damage law after microwave irradiation, and through the rock impact fracture test by SEM after microwave irradiation, we can analyze and prove the reasons for the rock damage. This research analyzes the reason for the change of impact resistance of rock caused by microwave irradiation, rock impact damage characteristics of cracks and the impact fracture process. Specific research contents and results are as follows: （1）By analyzing the response of the rock different minerals which is heated by microwave heating, we can explore the basic principles of rock thermal fracturing and the reason for the variation of impact resistance of rock after microwave irradiation. The factors which affect the rock performance of impact resistance after microwave irradiation include the composition of rock mineral, the type of rock, microwave irradiation parameters, the type of rock structure and loading ways of the impact load and so on. （2）The experiment which is tested for the rock performance of impact resistance after microwave irradiation by using the self-improvement drop impact resistance test device was conducted. During the test, we can get a different case three rock shock resistance weakened condition under certain microwave irradiation power and mutative microwave irradiation time: in 0-10kW range, the higher microwave irradiation power, the more obvious damage of rock impact resistance after microwave irradiation. And different rocks have different damage degree of rock impact resistance performance under the same test conditions. （3）Carrying on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) test on rock impact fracture by SEM after microwave irradiation. The three rock cracks fracture shape and morphology, the types of micro-cracks and micro-fracture model have been studied on the reason for the change of impact resistance of rock after microwave irradiation from the point of microscopic view and the results have contrast and demonstrate with the drop impact test results theoretical analysis.