采场中矿压显现的根源是采动引起的上覆岩层的移动，由于上覆岩层的构造区别，使得上覆岩层的移动存在多种多样的规律。近年来，随着煤炭消耗量的增大，我国新建煤矿增多，其上覆岩层更加多样化，伴随着矿山压力相关的重大灾害逐渐增多，所以应更加重视上覆岩层移动机理的研究。 对采场上覆岩层规律研究方法一般有：数学力学分析方法、数值分析方法、相似材料模型分析方法等。本文以相似材料模型的研究方法为主，以两种覆岩移动情况：覆岩为硬岩的条件、覆岩为周期垮落的条件，制作了三个模型：模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ并进行实验。模型检测中以光纤Bragg光栅方法为主，该方法使用光纤Bragg光栅传感器，埋设于模型岩层中。当岩层移动变形时会带动传感器变化，而得到传感器的波长漂移量，且光纤Bragg光栅波长漂移量因岩层性质不同，其规律特征也具有一定区别，由此以传感器波长漂移量变化规律可分析岩层的移动特征。 在模型Ⅲ中埋设的光纤Bragg光栅传感器有两种，以封装材料区分为不锈钢封装和醋酸乙烯塑料封装。取有代表性的一组检测数据分析两种传感器的检测效果：当传感器的封装材料具有较大的弹性模量，则传感器受到作用力后的变形量较小，其在相似模型这样的塑性材料中的检测效果较差。为研制适用于矿山相似模型的光纤Bragg光栅传感器提供参考依据。

The root cause of the pressure caused by mining is the strata movement all appeared in ore mining. The overlaying strata movement exist multiple movement rules because of the nature strata with tectonic difference. Along with the increase of demand for coal in recent years, our new coal mine have more diversified overlying rock, there are more and more major disasters with mining pressure. So we should pay more attention to overlaying rock mobile mechanism research. The research methods of overlaying strata have mathematical and mechanics analysis method, Numerical analysis method, similar material model analysis method etc. Based on the research methods of similar material model is given priority to manufacture three modles witch rule for modleⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. The overburden strata movement conditions respectively are hard-rock overburden strata and the cycle fall down strata. The Fiber Bragg Grating is primary modles checking method.The method uses Fiber Bragg Grating sensor which embedded in modles. The strata movement will drive sensor changes deformation, so we can get the wavelength drift quantity of the sensor.The wavelength drift quantity of Fiber Bragg Grating sensor has the certain distinction by the different rock properties.So the changing rules of the wavelength drift quantity by the sensor can analyse the strata movement characteristics. There are two types Fiber Bragg Grating sensor which embedded in modle Ⅲ.The encapsulation materials of the sensor are stainless steel and acetate ethylene plastics. Take a group of representative detection data analysis of two sensor detection effected: the sensors deformation after by force is smaller when the encapsulation materials of the sensors have larger elastic modulus.Then the sensor has poor detection effect in the modle which is plastic. That provide a reference basis for developing the Fiber Bragg Grating sensor used by mining similarity models.