锚杆支护是目前井巷工程中应用最为广泛的一种支护方式。但是由于锚杆受力状态的复杂性，使得锚杆在支护过程中的应力应变测试很困难。本论文以锚杆受力分析和光纤光栅特性分析为理论基础， 研究了光纤光栅传感技术对锚杆应力应变的测试应用，为锚杆支护提供一种新的监测方法。 在借鉴前人的成果上，首先从理论上分析了张拉载荷下全长锚固锚杆杆体形变过程，分析出轴力与锚固深度成指数函数递减的关系；剪应力的分布范围因介质弹性模量的增大而减小等。为实验分析提出了理论依据。 光纤光栅传感器是近年来新兴起来的一种传感器。在光纤光栅传输理论的基础上，分析了光纤光栅轴向应变与轴向力传感特性。并提出了光纤光栅锚杆监测系统，分析了系统原理。 在理论分析的基础上，本论文针对封装有光纤光栅的全长锚固金属锚杆做了对比拉拔实验，测试杆体在不同介质拉拔中的形变过程。并利用数值分析的方法对实验结果进行了分析，实验可信度比较高，但也存在一 定误差。实验表明：将光纤光栅粘贴在金属锚杆表面对锚杆进行受力监测是可行的，实验结果与理论分析十分吻合。

The rock bolting is the most widely supporting method in the underground engineering. But the test of the stress and the strain is very difficult because of the complication of the anchor’s stress state. The paper studied the application of the Fiber Bragg Grating sensors for the rock bolting support based on the stress state analyses of the anchor and the transmission peculiarity of the FBG,. The paper’s success will offer a new test way. First, based on the outcome of other savants, it analyzed the deformation of the full grouting bolt under tensile loading, acquired that the axial tension diminished with the exponent equation in the anchorage depth, and the distribution extent of the shear stress will diminish with the parameters’ increase of the cohering medium, etc. It prepared for the basic theory of the experiment. The Fiber Bragg Grating sensor is one of the sensor that developed rapidly recently years. Based on the principle of light travel in FBG, the deformation with the stress of axis properties have been analyzed, then the rock observation system of fiber Bragg grating sensors have been given, and analyzed the theorem of the system. It pointed out that the system is fit for not only the unity anchor but also the anchor group. Base on the theory analyses; the paper tested the deformation course in the pull experiment of the full grouting bolt with five FBG. Then, the experiment results have been analyzed by numerical analyses; it is showed that the credibility is well to the whole experiments for all that there is some deflection. The experiment results show that it is workable use the Fiber Bragg Grating sensor test the deformation of the anchor, the experimental results agree well with that from theoretical analyses cohering medium.