<p>随着我国大部分矿山进入高强开采阶段，煤炭产量不断上升的同时瓦斯涌出量增大，造成工作面瓦斯异常等风险增加，直接影响煤炭行业安全生产和绿色发展。本文以新疆昌吉硫磺沟煤矿主采工作面地质条件为原型，利用物理相似模拟实验及COMSOL数值模拟实验，结合分形理论、渗流力学开展了不同采高条件下的采动卸压瓦斯高渗区中应力场与渗流场联动演化规律研究。</p> <p>利用采动覆岩裂隙演化物理相似模拟实验台，开展倾斜煤层的采动卸压瓦斯高渗区几何边界辨识物理相似模拟实验，获得了采动覆岩裂隙网络形态分布，分析了裂隙场分域分形特征，掌握了覆岩下沉量、离层量、裂隙率和贯通度等特征参数的变化规律，基于裂隙网络特征参数辨识采动卸压瓦斯高渗区几何边界并建立区域判定准则，最终获得卸压瓦斯高渗区几何范围及动态演化过程。</p> <p>通过COMSOL数值模拟软件建立不同工作面采高条件下的数值模型，开展数值模拟实验。系统分析了采动过程中工作面上部岩层裂隙产生、扩展、发育、贯通再压实闭合的过程，阐述了采动应力与卸压瓦斯运移的相关性，获得不同采高影响下的覆岩应力场动态演化规律以及卸压瓦斯渗流场的空间和时变演化规律，明晰采动卸压瓦斯高渗区应力场与渗流场的联动演化规律。</p> <p>基于理论分析、物理相似模拟实验和数值模拟实验的结果，将覆岩裂隙渗透系数作为应力场-渗流场耦合的关键，综合考虑了煤层采高和岩体碎胀的因素，建立了采高影响下的覆岩应力与瓦斯压力的函数关系，量化表征采动覆岩应力场和卸压瓦斯渗流场之间的关系，揭示高渗区应力场-渗流场耦合的采高效应机理。</p> <p>针对试验矿井的主采工作面提出了倾斜厚煤层综放开采模式下的高位定向长钻孔抽采的技术措施，通过钻场设计对比和瓦斯抽采试验得出：钻孔的平均抽采瓦斯浓度随着垂距增加逐渐增大。当垂距由2m上升到23m时，高渗区内钻孔的平均抽采瓦斯浓度为39.71%，冒落带内的钻孔瓦斯抽采浓度为19.21%，钻孔的瓦斯抽采浓度增大了2.1倍，瓦斯抽采效果良好，并在工作面正常生产期间有效降低了上隅角和回风巷的瓦斯浓度。</p> <p>通过上述研究，本文利用覆岩裂隙网络特征参数确定采动卸压瓦斯高渗区几何范围，运用数值模拟实验获得了不同采高条件下的采动卸压瓦斯高渗区应力场-渗流场联动演化规律，进一步完善覆岩裂隙瓦斯抽采过程中的多场耦合理论，指导和优化钻场的设计参数，对矿井瓦斯抽采技术及灾害防控等现场实际问题提供了重要的理论支撑。</p>

<p>As most mines in China enter the stage of high-strength mining, the continuous increase of coal production leads to the increase of gas emission, resulting in an increase in the risk of gas anomalies in the working face, which directly affects the safe production and green development of the coal industry. Based on the geological conditions of the main mining face in Liuhuanggou&nbsp;coal mine&nbsp;in&nbsp;Changji, Xinjiang, combined with fractal theory and seepage mechanics,&nbsp;the&nbsp;physical similarity simulation experiments and the COMSOL numerical simulation experiments&nbsp;were used&nbsp;to carry out the&nbsp;research on the linkage evolution law of stress field and seepage field in the high permeability zone of mining pressure relief gas under different mining height conditions.</p> <p>Using the physical similarity simulation experiment platform of mining overburden fracture evolution, the physical similarity simulation experiment of geometric boundary identification of mining pressure relief gas high permeability zone in inclined coal seam was carried out. The morphological distribution of mining overburden fracture network was obtained, the fractal characteristics of fracture field were analyzed, and the variation rules of characteristic parameters such as overburden subsidence, bed separation, fracture rate and penetration were mastered. Based on the characteristic parameters of fracture network, the geometric boundary of mining pressure relief gas high permeability zone was identified and the regional judgment criterion was established. Eventually, the geometric range and dynamic evolution process of the pressure relief gas high permeability zone were obtained.</p> <p>Through COMSOL numerical simulation software, numerical models under different mining height conditions were established, and numerical simulation experiments were carried out. The process of crack generation, expansion, development, penetration and re-compaction&nbsp;in&nbsp;overburden&nbsp;during mining was systematically analyzed. The correlation between mining stress and pressure relief gas migration was expounded. The dynamic evolution law of overburden stress field under the influence of different mining height and the spatial and time-varying evolution law of pressure relief gas seepage field were obtained.&nbsp;The linkage evolution law of stress field and seepage field in high permeability area of mining pressure relief gas was clarified.</p> <p>Based on the results of theoretical analysis, physical similarity simulation experiment and numerical simulation experiment, the permeability coefficient of overburden fracture was taken as the key to the coupling of stress field and seepage field. Considering the factors of coal seam mining height and rock bulking, the function relationship between overburden stress and gas pressure under the influence of mining height was established, and the relationship between overburden stress field and pressure relief gas seepage field was quantitatively characterized. Then, The mining height effect mechanism of stress field-seepage field coupling in high permeability area was revealed.</p> <p>Aiming at the main mining face of the test mine, the technical measures of high-level directional long borehole extraction under the fully mechanized caving mining mode in&nbsp;inclined thick coal seam were put forward. Through the comparison of drilling field design and gas extraction test, it was concluded that the average gas&nbsp;extraction concentration of borehole increased&nbsp;with the rise&nbsp;of vertical distance. When the vertical distance rose from 2m to 23m, the average gas concentration of the borehole in the high permeability zone was 39.71 %, the gas concentration of the borehole in the caving zone was 19.21 %, and the gas concentration of the borehole was increased by 2.1 times. The gas extraction effect showed&nbsp;better, and the gas concentration of the upper corner and the return air lane effectively reduced during the normal production of the working face.</p> <p>Through the above research,&nbsp;the characteristic parameters of the overburden fracture network are used to determine the geometric range of high&nbsp;permeability zone&nbsp;of mining-induced pressure&nbsp;relief gas, and the numerical simulation experiment is adopted to obtain the stress field-seepage field linkage evolution law of high&nbsp;permeability zone&nbsp;of mining-induced pressure&nbsp;relief gas under different mining height conditions. The multi-field coupling theory in the process of gas extraction in overburden fractures is further improved, and the design parameters of the drilling field are optimized, which provides important theoretical support for the field practical problems such as the mine gas extraction technology and the disaster prevention and control.</p>

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