平煤五矿己₁₅-32040工作面回采巷道采用留设窄煤柱沿空掘巷，但由于巷道围岩强度与其所处的大埋深高地应力环境相矛盾，且将受到下部近距离被保护层工作面采掘交汇等多重应力扰动影响，原支护方案下巷道围岩稳定性较差，为提出最优支护方案，有效的控制围岩变形，需对大埋深多重扰动下三软煤层沿空巷道支护机理展开系统性研究。基于此，本文采用理论分析、相似模拟、数值模拟及现场实测等多种手段，对处于高地应力环境的沿空巷道受多重应力扰动时的失稳破坏特征及其应力场和位移场变化规律进行深入讨论，主要结论如下：

（1）构建窄煤柱沿空巷道帮部力学模型，推导出巷帮应力与位移解析解，结合实际工况，理论分析了沿空巷道巷帮变形特征，分析得到窄煤柱帮稳定性受支护阻力及顶板下沉影响较大；建立考虑巷帮变形破坏的顶板岩梁力学模型，给出弹塑性基础的顶板位移表达式，并求解得到实际工况下顶板最大下沉量，理论研究得出窄煤柱帮强度对顶板位移影响显著。

（2）通过建立实际工况的数值分析模型，并基于理论分析结果，模拟八种支护方案下沿空巷道围岩控制效果，动态分析了不同支护方案下己₁₅-32040工作面沿空巷道围岩位移场、应力场及塑性区分布特征，研究得出原支护方案下巷道围岩变形严重，提出对窄煤柱帮部补强长锚索及在巷道中心线处施加一排木点柱的优化支护方案，数值模拟结果显示，优化支护方案对控制围岩变形较为有效。

（3）自主研制的用于相似模拟试验的巷道锚网索支护预制模型，可使试验模型更贴合现场工况，依据实际工程背景，开展原支护及优化支护方案下的相似模拟试验，并基于数字图像相关技术，分析得到窄煤柱沿空巷道围岩的位移及变形演化规律，验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性，证明优化支护方案较为合理。

（4）提出大埋深受多重扰动下沿空巷道的支护优化方案，进行工程应用，并对巷道围岩位移变形及补强锚索受力状态进行现场监测，现场监测数据与理论分析、数值模拟及相似模拟试验结果较为吻合，验证了研究方法的科学性。

The gob-side entry driving with narrow coal pillars is adopted in the mining roadway of JI₁₅-32040 working face in Pingdingshan No. 5 Coal Mine. However, due to the contradiction between the strength of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the environment of large buried depth and high ground stress and the influence of multiple stress disturbances such as the intersection of mining and excavation in the lower close-distance protected layer, the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway under the original support scheme is poor. In order to put forward the optimal support scheme and effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock, it is necessary to systematically study the support mechanism of gob-side entry driving in three soft coal seams under multiple disturbances of large buried depth. Based on this, this paper uses theoretical analysis, similar simulation, numerical simulation, and field measurement to discuss the instability failure characteristics and the variation law of the stress field and displacement field of narrow coal pillar gob-side entry under high ground stress under multiple stress disturbances. The main conclusions are as follows:

(1) The mechanical model of the roadway side of the narrow coal pillar along the goaf is constructed, and the analytical solution of the stress and displacement of the roadway side is derived. Combined with the actual working condition theory, the deformation characteristics of the roadway side along the goaf are analyzed. The analysis shows that the stability of the narrow coal pillar is greatly affected by support resistance and roof subsidence. The mechanical model of the roof rock beam considering the deformation and failure of the roadway is established, the roof displacement expression of the elastic-plastic foundation is given, and the maximum roof subsidence under the actual working condition is obtained. The theoretical study shows that the strength of the narrow coal pillar has a significant influence on the roof displacement.

(2) Through the establishment of the numerical analysis model of the actual working conditions and based on the theoretical analysis results, the control effect of the surrounding rock of the gob-side roadway under eight kinds of support schemes is simulated, and the displacement field, stress field, and plastic zone distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock of the gob-side roadway in the JI₁₅-32040 working face under different support schemes are dynamically analyzed. It is concluded that the deformation of the surrounding rock and roadway under the original support scheme is serious. Under the original support scheme, the optimized support scheme of reinforcing long anchor cables at the side of narrow coal pillars and applying a row of wooden point pillars at the center line of the roadway is proposed. The numerical simulation results show that the optimized support scheme is more effective in controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock.

(3) The self-developed bolt-mesh-cable prefabricated model for similar simulation tests of roadway support can make the test model more suitable for the field conditions. According to the actual engineering background, similar simulation tests under the original support and optimized support schemes are carried out. Based on the digital image correlation technology, the displacement and deformation evolution laws of the surrounding rock of the narrow coal pillar gob-side entry are analyzed, and the reliability of the numerical simulation results is verified, which proves that the optimized support scheme is more reasonable.

(4) The support optimization scheme of gob-side roadways under multiple disturbances with large buried depths is proposed and applied in engineering. The displacement and deformation of surrounding rock and the stress state of reinforced anchor cables are monitored on site. The field monitoring data are in good agreement with the results of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and similar simulation tests, which verify the scientific nature of the research method.

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