黏度大、贮存稳定性差等缺陷是制约普通橡胶沥青大范围推广应用的主要原因。同时，混合料施工过程中伴随大量刺激性气味及烟尘，不符合当下环保要求。因此，随着资源持续化、高效化及双碳理念深入人心，对普通橡胶沥青上述问题进行改进研究，具有重要的现实意义。本论文具体工作如下：

（1）对外掺废机油后橡胶沥青制备参数进行研究。发现不同回收时间废机油对橡胶沥青性能影响差异性较小，但废机油添加顺序与橡胶沥青紧密相关，推荐废机油与胶粉预先共混后所制备的橡胶沥青。通过响应曲面法拟定四因素四响应试验，提出本文低黏度橡胶沥青制备参数为废机油掺量3.5%、剪切速率5000 r/min、剪切温度180℃、剪切时间1h。

（2）从基本性能、贮存稳定性和流变性能等方面对比分析低黏度橡胶沥青与基质沥青、脱硫橡胶沥青、普通橡胶沥青区别。结果表明加入废机油可改善橡胶沥青低温性能、抗老化性能、贮存稳定性与低温流变性能。此外，废机油可显著改善橡胶沥青黏度，与普通橡胶沥青相比，低黏度橡胶沥青可降低混合料拌合温度37.5℃、压实温度27.5℃。

（3）借助扫描电镜与红外光谱等测试手段，分析废机油-胶粉-沥青间作用机理。结果表明经废机油处理的胶粉，其表面蓬松，沥青相中轻质油分更易进入橡胶颗粒，高温高速剪切作用下在沥青中更易分散均匀，改善了胶粉与沥青相容性。低粘度橡胶沥青的制备过程与普通橡胶沥青相似，胶粉在沥青中以物理溶胀为主。

（4）对橡胶沥青、低黏度橡胶沥青进行分子动力学模拟，从微观分子运动角度进一步阐释低黏度橡胶沥青的降粘机理。低黏度橡胶沥青体系中橡胶分子分散性优于普通橡胶沥青，其内部结构中胶粉不易聚团。此外，低黏度橡胶沥青各组分流动性增强，表明废机油的加入降低了橡胶沥青的黏度。

Defects such as high viscosity and poor storage stability are the main reasons that the widespread application of ordinary rubberized asphalt remains restricted. At the same time, the mixture construction process is notoriously accompanied by a lot of irritating odor and smoke, which does not meet the current environmental protection requirements. Therefore, with the continuous improvement of resources, high efficiency and the concept of double carbon, it is of great practical significance to improve the research on the aforementioned problems of ordinary rubber asphalt. The specific work of this paper is as follows:

(1) The preparation parameters of rubber asphalt after mixing it with waste engine oil were studied. It was found that the influence of waste engine oil on the performance of rubber asphalt at different recovery times is small, but that the adding order of waste engine oil is closely related to rubber asphalt. It is thus recommended that the rubber asphalt be prepared by pre blending waste engine oil with rubber powder. The four-factor and four-response test was developed by the response surface method, and the preparation parameters of the low-viscosity rubberized asphalt in this paper were proposed as follows: the content of waste engine oil is 3.5%, the shear rate is 5000 r/min, the shear temperature is 180℃, and the shear time is 1h.

(2) Compare and analyze the difference between low-viscosity rubber asphalt, base asphalt, devulcanized rubber asphalt, and ordinary rubber asphalt, in terms of basic properties, storage stability, and rheological properties. The results show that adding waste engine oil can improve the low temperature properties, anti-aging properties, storage stability and low temperature rheological properties of rubber asphalt. In addition, waste engine oil also led to significant improvements in the viscosity of rubber asphalt. Furthermore, compared with ordinary rubber asphalt, low-viscosity rubber asphalt can reduce the mixing temperature of the mixture by 37.5 °C, and the compaction temperature by 27.5 °C.

(3) By means of scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, the interaction mechanism between waste engine oil, rubber powder and asphalt was analyzed. The results show that the rubber powder treated with waste engine oil had a fluffy surface, the light oil in the asphalt phase was more likely to enter the rubber particles, and it was easier to disperse uniformly in the asphalt under the action of high temperature and high-speed shearing, which improved the compatibility between the rubber powder and the asphalt. In addition, the preparation process of low-viscosity rubberized asphalt was determined to be similar to that of ordinary rubberized asphalt, and the rubber powder mainly swells in the asphalt.

(4) Molecular dynamics simulation of rubber asphalt and low-viscosity rubber asphalt was carried out, and the viscosity reduction mechanism of low-viscosity rubber asphalt was further explained from the perspective of microscopic molecular motion. The dispersion of rubber molecules in the low-viscosity rubber asphalt system was better than that of ordinary rubber asphalt, and the rubber powder in its internal structure was not easy to agglomerate. In addition, the fluidity of each component of low-viscosity rubber asphalt was enhanced, indicating that the addition of waste engine oil reduced the viscosity of rubber asphalt.

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