随着榆神矿区浅部煤炭资源开采殆尽且煤层采深增加，两煤层间间隔岩层受上下煤层开采扰动、破坏，导致上煤层采空区积水向下煤层运动，容易诱发矿井突水灾害发生。因此，受上、下煤层开采扰动间隔岩层破坏机理及突水预测研究至关重要。本文针对上、下煤层开采扰动及水-力耦合作用下，间隔岩层破坏机理、涌突水裂缝扩展规律及发育高度、涌突水预测模型等内容，采用现场调研、理论分析、数值模拟、水-力耦合相似模拟实验、现场监测等方法进行了研究，研究成果为榆神矿区及周边类似矿井突水灾害预测提供了理论基础及科学依据。论文取得的主要研究成果如下：

随着多煤层工作面开采，间隔岩层受上煤层顶板破断动载作用特征明显。分析了上煤层顶板岩梁破断形成固支梁结构、悬臂梁结构、砌体梁结构时，岩梁结构失稳前后对间隔岩层加载、卸载力学模型，构建了上煤层开采扰动下顶板岩梁破断对间隔岩层加载破坏模式和卸荷反弹破坏模式，得到了固支梁结构、悬臂梁结构对间隔岩层动载作用较强。并确定了上位间隔岩层受固支梁结构、悬臂梁结构破断动载作用下能量转化、应力分布特征、裂缝演化规律。

基于断裂力学理论、渗流损伤理论，分析了上煤层开采间隔岩层受水-力耦合作用下裂纹起裂判据及损伤变量，确定了渗透压力作用下上位间隔岩层最大理论损伤深度。采用数值模拟、相似模拟方法，分析了上位间隔岩层受水-力耦合作用下应力场、位移场演化过程，并确定了其上位间隔岩层破坏深度，揭示了上位间隔岩层受加载、卸载作用和水-力耦合作用下损伤破坏规律。

研究了下煤层开采重复扰动下，间隔岩层破坏特征及空间分带特征，根据破坏特征，将其分为完全破碎间隔岩层、破碎-破断叠合间隔岩层及组合间隔岩层，同时将间隔岩层破坏裂缝分为边界涌突水裂缝、网络涌突水裂缝及贴合导水裂缝。基于关键层理论及薄板理论，研究了间隔岩层裂缝发育高度影响因素，确定了研究区域间隔岩层涌突水裂缝发育临界高度，得到了薄板理论对裂缝发育高度预测结果更加准确。

采用理论分析、数值模拟及相似模拟实验方法，分析了上煤层、下煤层开采间隔岩层协同破坏过程、间隔岩层协同破坏特征、间隔岩层破坏裂缝扩展高度，确定了破碎-破断叠合间隔岩层受上煤层、下煤层开采扰动及水-力耦合作用下，间隔岩层破坏过程中应力分布特征、裂缝演化规律、协同破坏特征和不同破坏分带的渗透特性，揭示了上煤层、下煤层开采扰动下间隔岩层破坏机理。

基于间隔岩层破坏特征分类和涌突水裂缝发育高度分类，建立了间隔岩层网络-边界涌突水模型、网络-贴合-边界涌突水模型及保护层涌突水模型。分析了涌突水预测模型特征和裂缝内水运动特征，确定了边界涌突水裂缝内水运动符合平板流流态、网络涌突水裂缝内水运动符合裂缝流流态、贴合导水裂缝内水运动符合孔裂隙流流态。最终，得到了间隔岩层破坏突水判别标准，并对榆阳煤矿、安山煤矿间隔岩层破坏进行了突水预测。

With the depletion of shallow coal resources in Yushen mining area and the increase of coal seam mining depth, the interval strata between two coal seams are disturbed and destroyed by the mining of upper coal seam and lower coal seam, which leads to the movement of water in goaf of upper coal seam to lower coal seam, and it is easy to induce the occurrence of mine water inrush disaster. Therefore, it is very important to study the failure mechanism and water inrush prediction of the interval strata between two coal seams disturbed by upper coal seam and lower coal seam mining. In this paper, the failure mechanism of the interval strata between two coal seams, the propagation law and development height of water inrush cracks, and the prediction model of water inrush under the mining disturbance and water-force coupling of upper coal seam and lower coal seam are studied by means of field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, water-force coupling similar simulation experiment and field monitoring. The research results provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the prediction of water inrush disaster in Yushen mining area and similar mines around it. The main achievements of this paper are as follows :

( 1 ) With the mining of multi-coal seam working face, the interval strata between two coal seams are obviously affected by the dynamic load of upper coal seam roof breaking. The mechanical model of loading and unloading of the interval strata between two coal seams before and after the instability of rock beam structure is analyzed when the roof rock beam of upper coal seam breaks to form fixed beam structure, cantilever beam structure and masonry beam structure. The loading failure mode and unloading rebound failure mode of roof rock beam breaking to the interval strata between two coal seams under the disturbance of upper coal seam mining are constructed. It is concluded that the fixed beam structure and cantilever beam structure have strong dynamic load effect on the interval strata between two coal seams. The energy conversion, stress distribution characteristics and crack evolution law of the upper interval strata between two coal seams layer under the action of fixed beam structure and cantilever beam structure breaking dynamic load are determined.

( 2 ) Based on the theory of fracture mechanics and seepage damage theory, the crack initiation criterion and damage variable of the upper coal seam mining the interval strata between two coal seams under the action of water-force coupling are analyzed, and the maximum theoretical damage depth of the upper interval strata between two coal seams under the action of seepage pressure is determined. By using numerical simulation and similar simulation methods, the evolution process of stress field and displacement field of the upper interval strata between two coal seams stratum under the action of water-force coupling is analyzed, and the failure depth of the upper interval strata between two coal seams stratum is determined, and the damage and failure law of the upper interval strata between two coal seams stratum under the action of loading, unloading and water-force coupling is revealed.

( 3 ) The failure characteristics and spatial zoning characteristics of the interval strata between two coal seams under repeated disturbance of lower coal seam mining are studied. According to the failure characteristics, it is divided into completely broken interval rock strata, broken-broken superimposed interval rock strata and combined interval rock strata. At the same time, the failure cracks of the interval strata between two coal seams are divided into boundary water inrush cracks, network water inrush cracks and joint water flowing cracks. Based on the key stratum theory and thin plate theory, the influencing factors of fracture development height of the interval strata between two coal seams are studied, and the critical height of water inrush fracture development at the interval strata between two coal seams in the study area is determined. It is concluded that the thin plate theory is more accurate in predicting the fracture development height.

( 4 ) By means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and similar simulation experiment, the synergistic failure process, synergistic failure characteristics and crack propagation height of the interval strata between two coal seams in upper and lower coal seam mining are analyzed. The stress distribution characteristics, crack evolution law, synergistic failure characteristics and permeability characteristics of different failure zones in the failure process of the interval strata between two coal seams under the disturbance of upper and lower coal seam mining and water-force coupling are determined, and the failure mechanism of the interval strata between two coal seams under the disturbance of upper and lower coal seam mining is revealed.

( 5 ) Based on the classification of failure characteristics of the interval strata between two coal seams and the classification of water inrush fracture development height, the network-boundary water inrush model, network-fitting-boundary water inrush model and protective layer water inrush model of the interval strata between two coal seams are established. The characteristics of the prediction model of water inrush and the characteristics of water movement in the fracture are analyzed. It is determined that the water movement in the boundary water inrush fracture conforms to the flat plate flow pattern, the water movement in the network water inrush fracture conforms to the fracture flow pattern, and the water movement in the water-conducting fracture conforms to the pore fracture flow pattern. Finally, the criterion of water inrush from the interval strata between two coal seams failure is obtained, and the water inrush prediction of the interval strata between two coal seams failure in Yuyang Coal Mine and Anshan Coal Mine is carried out.

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