矿热炉是生产铁合金的核心设备，它通过炉内三根可以自由升降的电极产生电弧，以碳为还原剂产生氧化还原反应将电能转化为热能来熔炼铁合金，目前大部分冶炼企业矿热炉的电极调节都是通过人工控制矿热炉的一次操作电流实现，但人为调节并不能及时准确的使炉内电流达到平衡。为了提高冶炼效率、提高企业的自动化水平、节约电能，研究矿热炉电极的自动升降具有一定的实用价值。 论文首先综述了矿热炉电极升降的国内外现状及发展趋势，研究了矿热炉生产工艺，分析了目前生产企业电极升降系统存在问题，在此基础上进一步探讨了电极升降的控制方法和控制策略，确定了电极升降的最佳控制策略—恒阻抗控制，实现了三相功率的平衡，保证了稳弧冶炼的目的。 其次，针对矿热炉的实际运行状况，提出矿热炉电极自动升降控制系统总体控制方案，采用下位可编程控制器(PLC)、智能电量变送器(PDM)、接口电路、液压控制系统和上位计算机，搭建了矿热炉电极自动升降控制系统硬件实验平台，实现了电极控制系统的数据采集、显示、分析、计算、存储和输出，通过上位机给PLC发送控制指令，PLC控制电磁阀实现矿热炉大、小立缸和气缸的动作，达到控制电极升降的目的。 然后，以Visual Basic 6.0为软件开发平台，在上位计算机编制了用户登陆、变比设定、手动控制、自动控制和历史数据查询等软件功能模块，实现了电极升降系统的软件设计。 最后，进行了系统实验和性能测试，整个系统达到了设计目标要求，硬件运行可靠，软件功能较完善且操作方便，提高了生产企业的自动化程度。

Ore furnace is the core equipment of ferroalloy production, it through the furnace can be free of the three roots and electrode produce arc, with carbon as reducing agent produce REDOX reaction energy into heat energy to melting ferroalloy, at present most smelting enterprises-arc furnace electrode adjustment of by artificial control ore furnace operation of a current realization, but people can't adjust and timely and accurate making furnace current in the balance. In order to improve the efficiency and improve enterprise of smelting automation level, managing electric energy, research ore furnace of electrode up and down automatically has certain practical value. firstly ,it reviewed the electrode ore furnace and domestic and foreign situation and the development tendency of the research orec furnace production process, analysis of the current production enterprise electrode lifting system problem, based on this and further explore the electrode of the methods of control and control strategy, determined the best control strategy and electrode, constant impedance control, realize the balance of power in three-phase, ensure the steady arc smelting purpose. Secondly, according to the actual operation of-arc furnace condition, puts forward the-arc furnace automatic control system and electrode overall control scheme, adopt a programmable controller (PLC), intelligent power transmitter (PDM), interface circuit, hydraulic control system and the PC, built ore furnace automatic control system hardware and electrode experimental platform to realize the electrodes of the control system of data acquisition, display, analysis, computation, storage and output, by using computer to send PLC control instruction, PLC control realization electromagnetic valve-arc furnace big and small cylinder and the cylinder action set to reach the control electrode lift purpose. Then, with Visual Basic 6.0 for software development platform, in the PC users log on, change of than setting, manual control, automatic control and historical data query software such as function module, realize the lifting system software design of electrode. Finally, the system test and performance testing, the system to reach the design goal request, reliable running of the hardware, software function is more perfect and convenient operation, increasing the production enterprise of automation degree.