地下水是华北地区重要的灌溉水源，农用机井建设对保障华北地区农业生产和粮食安全起着关键作用，是我国土地整治工作的重要内容。然而多数土地整治项目区内的井灌区机井普遍存在损坏废弃、机井布局密度过大或过小、原有机井控制灌溉格局被破坏等问题。因此，在合理利用地下资源的前提下，如何科学统一规划新旧机井，实现井灌区农用机井的空间优化布局具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。 本文以河北省保定市顺平县高于铺镇和腰山镇土地整治建设项目区为例，主要研究我国华北平原土地整治项目机井布局规划中，井数、井距如何计算，井位如何评价，机井如何布设三个问题。本文从现状机井灌溉服务能力评价、新建井数井距计算、宜布井点适宜性评价、基于空间优化算法的机井布局实现四个方面进行论述： （1）根据项目区机井使用情况资料，将机井分为良好类、损坏类和废弃类，然后以良好类和损坏类机井为空间分布评价对象，利用灌溉密度指标、灌溉率指标、距最近道路的距离指标、井距指标，对项目区各行政村和整个井灌区的机井进行空间分布评价。 （2）利用项目区的行政界线、交通道路、河流水系等线性阻隔要素，将项目内井灌区划分为若干优化单元，即井数计算、机井布设单元，再利用实地调研获取的资料，计算项目区平水年和枯水年的供水量、需水量，分析项目区水资源的供求关系，并依此确定新建井数、井距的计算方法。 （3）将项目内井灌区划分为精密的栅格，以栅格的中心点为适宜布井的评价对象，从水文地质、地形、交通、土地、电力五个方面选取评价指标，利用德尔菲法确定各评价指标权重，采用加权指数和法构建宜布井点适宜性评价模型，依据各评价对象的得分高低，将宜布井点划分为三个等级。 （4）以宜布井点坐标为决策变量，以MMSD为优化准则，从井距、井数、优先级别三个方面进行限制，构建机井布局优化模型，采用模拟退火算法进行实现，并借助MATLAB和ArcGIS软件，实现机井的最终优化布设。

Ground water is one of the most important sources of irrigation water in the North China, and the construction of the agricultural motor-pumped well is also important to guarantee agricultural production and food security that is an important part of our country land management work. However, the motor-pumped well have many widespread questions in the most of the land reclamation projects, such as damage, discard, the unreasonable layout density which is too large or too small, the destroy of the original irrigation control pattern and some other issues. So, under the condition of rational utilization of underground resources, it has important theoretical significances and practical values that how to plan new and old motor-pumped wells scientifically and uniformly, and realize the agricultural motor-pumped well’s optimized layout in spatial. Taking land renovation construction project in Gaoyupu Zhen and Yaoshan Zhen of Shunping County, Baoding City, Hebei Province as examples, the paper mainly researches three problems about motor-pumped well’s layout of land reclamation project in North China plain. They are respectively how to calculate the well’s number, how to evaluate the position of the wells, and how to deploy the wells. This paper will discuss the evaluation of the existing well’s irrigation service capability, the calculation of the well’s number and spacing of new wells, the suitability evaluation of suitable well, the implementation of well’s layout which is based on the space optimization arithmetic. （1）According to the field research for the project’s usage information of the wells, the well are divided into good class, damaged class and discarded class, and then we take good and damaged classes as evaluation objects of the spatial distribution. We use the irrigation density index, irrigation efficiency index, the shortest distance from road, well spacing index to make the spatial distribution’s evaluation each administrative villages and the whole irrigated area’s well in the area of project. （2） Using the project’s administrative boundaries、the traffic、rivers as the linear block elements, the area of project is divided into some optimize unit that is namely the setting unit of the wells. Then we use field investigation to obtain some information, calculate the project’s water supply and water demand in normal flow year and low flow year, analyze the project’s relationship between supply and demand, and determine to use the method that is single well control area to calculate the new well’s number and the well spacing. （3）The irrigation area of the wells within the project is divided into the precise grid, and the center of the grid is considered as the suitable evaluation object. We choose evaluation index from hydrogeology, terrain, traffic conditions, the type of the land use and the power conditions, use the Delphi method to determine the indexes’ weight , and using the method which is weighted index sum to structure the suitable evaluation system of the suitable position of the well. From the view of practical application, according to the score of each evaluation criteria, the suitable positions of the well is divided into three levels. （4）Using the suitable positions’coordinates of the well as independent variable, choosing MMSD rules as the objective function, restricting from the wells’ number, spacing, priority, we build the wells’layout optimization model, use the Simulated Annealing algorithm to achieve, and with the aid of the software such as MATLAB and ArcGIS, the well’s optimization setting is realized.