液压缸作为矿用液压支架的核心部件，因其所处工况恶劣经常性导致内外壁表面磨损裂隙，若整体更换成本高且资源浪费。对此，激光熔覆技术可以提供好地解决方案，传统粉材激光熔覆增材修复技术以金属粉末为原材料可实现优异的熔覆效果，但粉材成本较高且材料利用率低。针对这一问题，提出了以金属丝材为原材料的激光熔覆增材修复工艺，期望以丝材代替粉材进行增材修复工作。

ER630，即为实心630不锈钢焊丝，也叫17-4PH。本文以ER630不锈钢为熔覆材料，对丝材激光熔覆增材工艺展开研究，完成了工艺参数对成形单道的影响分析、工艺参数对成形多层的影响分析、工艺参数对成形过程温度场分布的影响以及成形温度对成形质量的影响。由于成形速度以及熔池冷却速率较快，通过设备难以实时监测成形过程温度场，因此通过仿真手段对成形过程做了有限元仿真模拟，分析了成形过程温度场的变化，并研究分析成形温度对成形质量的影响。

首先，通过单因素分析实验，探究了送丝方向、送丝密度以及激光功率对单道成形质量的影响。通过不同工艺参数对成形单道的成形外观、截面尺寸参数及截面局部硬度分布的研究，发现采用反向送丝整体的连续性和平整度要明显优于正向送丝，有利于多层堆积的成形；不同送丝密度对成形单道外观平整度影响较大，送丝密度1.25时成形表面光滑平整，更有利于熔池稳定和缺陷避免；激光功率对成形单道平整度影响较小，但激光功率较低时成形单道表面会发生氧化，提高激光功率可使氧化现象减小。

其次，通过实验，研究了扫描速度和激光功率对多层成形质量的影响。通过不同工艺参数对成形多层的成形缺陷、显微组织及力学性能的影响的研究，结果表明扫描速度越高，成形件所含夹渣越多，尺寸也越大；扫描速度对成形试样的密度影响可忽略不计；扫描速度提高，成形件组织中柱状晶减少，胞状晶逐渐增多且硬度会降低，试件拉伸屈服强度也会下降。研究还发现，激光功率增大渣颗粒增多，激光功率对试样的密度可影响忽略不计；激光的提高，成形件组织中柱状晶逐渐增多，试件硬度和拉伸强度均会有不同程度提高。

最后，对丝材激光成形单道过程的温度场进行数值仿真模拟，研究了不同扫描速度和激光功率下，成形过程中基体内部的温度场变化。结果表明随着激光功率的不断增大，成形过程中的峰值温度也会不断增大；随着扫描速度的不断增大，成形过程中的峰值温度会不断减小；成形温度越高，成形层组织与力学性能越好。

As the core component of the mine hydraulic support, the hydraulic cylinder is often worn and fractured on the surface of the inner and outer walls due to its harsh working conditions. If the overall replacement cost is high and the resources are wasted. In this regard, laser melting technology can provide a solution. The traditional powder laser melting additive repair technology uses metal powder as raw material to achieve excellent melting effect, but the powder cost is high and the material utilization rate is low. To solve this problem, the laser cladding coating additive repair process with metal wire as raw material was proposed, and it was expected to replace powder with wire for additive repair.

ER630, solid 630 stainless steel wire, also known as 17-4PH. In this paper, ER630 stainless steel was used as melting coating material to study the laser melting coating process of wire. The influence of process parameters on the forming single channel, the influence of process parameters on the forming multilayer, the influence of process parameters on the temperature field distribution in the forming process and the influence of forming temperature on the forming quality were analyzed. Due to the rapid forming speed and cooling rate of molten pool, it is difficult to monitor the temperature field of the forming process in real time by equipment. Therefore, the finite element simulation of the forming process is carried out by means of simulation. The change of temperature field in the forming process is analyzed, and the influence of forming temperature on the forming quality is studied and analyzed.

Firstly, through the single factor analysis experiment, the effects of wire feeding direction, wire feeding density and laser power on the single-channel forming quality were explored. Through the study of different process parameters on the forming appearance, cross-section size parameters and local hardness distribution of cross-section of the forming single channel, it is found that the continuity and flatness of the whole using the reverse wire feeding are significantly better than those of the forward wire feeding, which is favorable. 

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