煤炭一直是中国能源的支柱，煤炭生产事故时有发生，时刻威胁着从业人员的安全。安全标志的有效应用对减少事故和预防人的不安全行为有重要作用，研究表明安全标志的设计对安全标志的视认性有很大影响。目前针对煤矿井下安全标志的研究方法大部分都是通过发放调查问卷，进行定性分析，存在一定的主观性，而且研究的主要方向是人自身因素对安全标志视认性的影响，以及安全标志的管理对安全标志视认性的影响。随着眼动技术的发展，在交通标志设计这一领域眼动技术正发挥着不可替代的作用，而通过眼动实验研究煤矿井下安全标志设计对安全标志视认性的影响的研究很少，因此通过本次研究能为煤矿井下安全标志设计提供参考，使得安全标志设计更为合理，降低煤矿安全事故发生概率。
本文通过设计四个眼动实验，分别研究有无辅助文字、安全标志大小、安全标志形状、安全标志颜色等四个因素对安全标志视认性的影响。选择煤矿巷道的两个场景，安全标志分别选择注意安全、停车检查两个标志，改变安全标志设计因素，生成实验材料，然后选择30个符合要求的被试进行实验，记录眼动数据，对数据进行清洗和分析。并且将影响安全标志视认性的设计因素的眼动指标进行标准化，构建其多元线性回归方程，还结合人因工程的知识，通过矿工视认安全标志的模型，构建出了矿工视认安全标志的有效时间计算公式，将有效时间与多元线性回归方程算出的时间进行对比，可以判断煤矿井下安全标志设计是否合格。
实验结果显示：安全标志有辅助文字比无辅助文字凸显性更强，更有利于安全标志上信息前期的提取和理解。三角形的安全标志的凸显性更强，更容易被被试察觉，圆形的安全标志的凸显性次之，矩形的安全标志的凸显性最弱。安全标志越大，识别越来越容易，当安全标志太大时，被试需要更多的时间去将安全标志的信息完全提取，安全标志越大，其首次注视所获取的信息越少。安全标志的图形底色为白色和绿色更有利于被试对安全标志上的信息进行提取和理解，而安全标志的图形底色对安全标志的凸显性并无显著影响。安全标志的图形边色中红色最有利于被试对安全标志上的信息进行提取和理解。安全标志的图形边色对安全标志的凸显性并无显著影响。

Coal has always been the backbone of Chinese energy, and coal production accidents happen from time to time, threatening the safety of employees.The effective application of safety signs plays an important role in reducing accidents and preventing people's unsafe behaviors.Research shows that the design of safety signs has a great impact on the visibility of safety signs.At present, most of the research methods for underground coal mine safety signs are qualitative analysis by issuing questionnaires, which is subjective to a certain extent.Moreover, the main direction of the research is the influence of human factors on the visibility of safety signs, as well as the influence of safety sign management on the visibility of safety signs. along with the development of the eye-movement technology in the field of traffic sign design eye-movement technology is playing an irreplaceable role, and through the eye-movement experiment research of the coal mine safety sign design study of the influence of visibility safety sign is small. This research can provide a reference for the design of safety signs in coal mines, make the design of safety signs more reasonable, and reduce the probability of coal mine safety accidents.
In this paper, four eye-movement experiments were designed to study the influence of four factors on the visual recognition of safety signs, including the presence of auxiliary words, the size of safety signs, the shape of safety signs and the color of safety signs. Two scenes of coal mine roadway were selected, safety signs of attention and stop inspection were selected respectively, design factors of safety signs were changed, and experimental materials were generated. Then, 30 eligible subjects were selected for the experiment, eye-movement data were recorded, and data were cleaned and analyzed. Visibility and will affect the safety sign of the design factors of eye-movement indices for standardization, build the multivariate linear regression equation, and combination of engineering knowledge, visual cognition by miners safety sign of the model, and construct the visual cognition miners safety sign the valid time of calculation formula of the effective time and multiple linear regression equation to calculate the time to compare, it can judge whether the design of underground coal mine safety signs is qualified.
The experimental results show that safety signs with auxiliary text are more prominent than without auxiliary text, which is more conducive to the early extraction and understanding of the information on the safety signs. Triangular safety signs are more prominent and easier to be detected by the subjects. Round safety signs are second in prominence, and square safety signs are the weakest. The larger the safety sign, the easier the identification. When the safety sign is too large, the subjects need more time to completely extract the information of the safety sign. The larger the safety sign, the less information they can obtain from their first look. The graphic background colors of the safety signs are white and green, which is more conducive to the subjects to extract and understand the information on the safety signs, while the graphic background colors of the safety signs have no significant effect on the prominence of the safety signs. The red color of the graphic border of the safety signs is most conducive to the subjects to extract and understand the information on the safety signs. The graphic border color of the safety signs has no significant impact on the prominence of the safety signs.

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