~三相直流无刷电机以其噪音小、寿命长及稳定性高等优点而得到广泛应用，对其专用驱动芯片的需求也日趋增高。相较于使用MCU加驱动电路的控制方式，专用电机驱动芯片集控制与驱动于一体，简化了电机的应用电路，适应于电机驱动轻量化、集成化的发展趋势。因此，对三相直流无刷电机驱动芯片进行设计极具研究意义和实用价值。
通过对不同电机驱动电路性能特点及存在不足进行深入分析，提出了一种可实现低转矩脉动的三相直流无刷电机驱动芯片设计方案。为减小芯片面积，以全N型三相桥结构作为芯片驱动主电路；基于开关管的120°导通方式，设计了换相控制电路，实现电机在低功率损耗下的相电流切换；通过推导电机在不同调速方式下产生的转矩脉动，得出当开关管采用前60°PWM调制，后60°恒通的PWM_ON调制方式时，电机产生的转矩脉动最小，在此基础上，设计了PWM_ON调速电路，实现电机在调速期间的低转矩脉动；设计了升压电荷泵电路，产生驱动三相桥高边开关管的泵电压，并对该电压设计了欠压保护电路，防止泵电压升压不足影响芯片正常工作；设计了具有死区时间控制的开关管驱动电路，为开关管栅极提供足够的充放电电流，实现开关管的快速导通与关断，减小了开关损耗，增加了对开关管驱动的可靠性。此外，为确保芯片正常工作，设计了为低压模块提供电源电压的基准电压源电路、为实现逻辑控制提供基准时钟信号的振荡器电路、为防止驱动系统受到损坏的多种保护电路等子模块电路。对芯片内部电路的关键参数进行设计，完成了一款三相直流无刷电机驱动芯片的设计。
基于Hynix 0.18μm BCD工艺，采用Spectre仿真工具对芯片整体电路进行仿真分析，验证了所设计电路的可行性。其次，完成芯片整体版图的设计，并通过了DRC、LVS验证。最后，对流片后的三相直流无刷电机驱动芯片进行了测试，结果表明芯片的各项性能指标均满足设计要求。

~Three-phase DC brushless motors are widely used for their advantages of low noise, long life and high stability, and the demand for their dedicated driver chips is also increasing. Compared with the control method of using MCU plus drive circuit, the dedicated motor drive chip integrates control and drive, which simplifies the application circuit of the motor and is suitable for the development trend of lightweight and integrated motor drive. Therefore, the design of the three-phase brushless DC motor driver chip is of great research significance and practical value.
Through in-depth analysis of the performance characteristics and shortcomings of different motor drive circuits, a design scheme of a three-phase brushless DC motor drive chip that can achieve low torque ripple is proposed. In order to reduce the chip area, an all-N-type three-phase bridge structure is used as the main circuit of the chip driver; based on the 120° conduction mode of the switch tube, a commutation control circuit is designed to realize the phase current switching of the motor under low power loss; The torque pulsation generated by the motor under different speed regulation modes is deduced, and it is concluded that when the switch tube adopts the PWM_ON modulation mode of the first 60° PWM modulation and the last 60° constant-pass PWM_ON modulation mode, the torque pulsation generated by the motor is the smallest. The PWM_ON speed regulation circuit is designed to realize the low torque pulsation of the motor during speed regulation; the boost charge pump circuit is designed to generate the pump voltage that drives the high-side switch tube of the three-phase bridge, and an undervoltage protection circuit is designed for this voltage. To prevent the insufficient boost of the pump voltage from affecting the normal operation of the chip; a switch tube drive circuit with dead time control is designed to provide sufficient charge and discharge current for the gate of the switch tube to achieve rapid turn-on and turn-off of the switch tube, reducing the The switching loss increases the reliability of the switching tube drive. In addition, in order to ensure the normal operation of the chip, sub-modules such as a reference voltage regulator circuit that provides power supply voltage for low-voltage modules, an oscillator circuit that provides a reference clock signal for logic control, and various protection circuits to prevent damage to the drive system are designed. circuit. The key parameters of the internal circuit of the chip are designed, and the design of a three-phase brushless DC motor driver chip is completed.
Based on Hynix 0.18μm BCD process, Spectre simulation tool is used to simulate and analyze the overall circuit of the chip, and the feasibility of the designed circuit is verified. Secondly, complete the design of the overall layout of the chip, and passed the DRC, LVS verification. Finally, the three-phase brushless DC motor driver chip after tape-out is tested, and the results show that the performance indicators of the chip meet the design requirements.

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