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论文中文题名:

 煤巷复合顶板变形破坏机理及支护技术研究    

姓名:

 史向东    

学号:

 201109411    

保密级别:

 公开    

学科代码:

 081405    

学科名称:

 防灾减灾工程及防护工程    

学生类型:

 硕士    

学位年度:

 2014    

院系:

 建筑与土木工程学院    

专业:

 防灾减灾工程及防护工程    

第一导师姓名:

 谷拴成    

论文外文题名:

 Deformation Failure Mechanism and Support Technology of Composite Roof in Coal Roadway    

论文中文关键词:

 复合顶板 ; 层状岩体 ; 顶板破坏面 ; 顶板破坏机理 ; 支护技术    

论文外文关键词:

 Composite roof Layered rock Failure surface of roof Failure mechanism of r    

论文中文摘要:
由于煤炭开采深度的增加,煤巷复合顶板的离层破碎问题越来越突出,顶板维护越来越困难,甚至出现顶板岩层极度破碎、支架折损严重以及巷道断面收缩严重等现象导致工作面无法正常回采。如何消除冒顶、片帮,有效维护复合顶板和两帮稳定,控制围岩变形,提高围岩整体稳定性,已成为确保煤矿安全、高效地生产的关键,是影响我国煤炭开采向纵深发展和安全生产的关键问题之一。本文通过对前人研究成果进行总结,建立复合顶板模型对其进行破坏机理的分析,根据所分析的结论进行巷道支护体系的优化设计,并应用数值模拟手段进行评价。本文主要研究内容及结论如下: (1) 将前人对层状岩体以及煤巷复合顶板的研究结果进行总结分析,得出煤巷复合顶板各岩层之间受力的一般情况,以及其变形的一般情况。据此确定本文的研究方向。 (2) 对煤巷复合顶板的变形破坏机理进行理论方面的分析。将复合顶板岩层简化为岩梁模型,以单层岩梁为研究对象,应用弹性力学、材料力学等力学理论分析其受荷后内部应力的变化情况。经过理论计算,得出单层岩梁正应力的表达式,利用极限平衡原则求出岩梁在达到极限应力情况下岩体的破坏位置,从而推出复合顶板破坏发展的极限高度与顶板破坏判断准则。通过理论分析研究,总结出影响复合顶板变形破坏的一般性因素。 (3) 根据对煤巷复合顶板变形破坏机理的分析计算,对煤巷复合顶板的支护进行研究,提出“基于组合梁与冒落破坏面的‘多角度锚杆组合梁悬吊’支护”设计理念。此理念认为根据煤巷复合顶板岩层的地质情况与锚杆长度的局限性,采用组合梁理论进行锚杆支护,再利用锚索将组合梁悬吊于稳定岩层较为合适,并且根据对复合顶板破坏面的计算认为改变顶板锚杆的锚固方向,使其尽量与破坏面进行垂直可提高组合梁的强度。再者,由于巷道开掘后复合顶板的初期变形会对顶板岩体的强度造成较大影响,故应在巷道开掘过程中对围岩及时进行支护,并对锚杆(索)施加适当的预应力,进一步减少开巷初期的围岩变形量。 (4) 在巷道支护设计方法上,本文认为巷道支护动态信息设计法更适用于层状岩体巷道这种拥有复杂围岩地质情况的巷道支护。该设计法可保证设计所用地质资料的可靠性,实时性与适用性。 (5) 以澄合矿区王村斜井煤矿5106工作面回风顺槽为例,对其顶板应力情况进行计算,根据计算所得结果应用所提出的支护设计理念进行支护优化,在巷道试验段应用优化后的支护体系进行支护并跟进监测巷道围岩的变形情况,再应用数值模拟软件验证支护优化前后的巷道稳定情况。
论文外文摘要:
As the increasing of coal mining depth, the problem of layer fragmentation in coal roadway roof become increasingly prominent, roof maintenance become more and more difficulty. There are so many accidents of roof maintenance in coal roadway. Such as roof layer damaged hardly, the supporting damaged hardly, and very bad convergence of roadway section. These problem affected the normal operation of coal mine company. How to control these bad influence or even reduce the problem, and make a very stable environment of coal roadway to issuer the production running well. This is a very important and become the key of product coal safety and efficiently in our country. This paper summarizes the findings of existing studies, builds a mechanics model of composite roof in coal roadway, analyze this model with mechanics theory and simulation software. Based on this study we analyze a engineering example and redesigning the supporting system. The chief content of this paper is: (1) Summarizes the findings of existing studies. Obtain the forces between each rock layer in composite roof in coal roadway, and get the general rule of reform of composite roof in coal roadway. Then, bring up the research direction of this paper. (2) Analyze the deformation failure mechanism in theoretic way. See the composite roof as the rock beam, study the forces of single rock beam with elastic mechanics and mechanics of materials. Then get the deformation of rock beam with load. We get the expression of direct stress of rock beam by the calculation. Calculate the wreck point on rock beam with the limit equilibrium. And then we could get the height of wreck in composite roof. And could use the expression to judge rock beam. With these analysis we get out affections which could lead to damage the roof. (3) Depend on the calculation of deformation failure mechanism of composite roof. We can study the supporting system of composite roof. Bringing up the design concept of “multi-angle rigid beam hanging roofbolt supporting”. We design the length of roofbolt depends on the environment of roadway, and change the angle of anchor by calculating the failure surface. Using roofbolt to make the rock layer joint tightly as a beam, and hang this beam on the stable rock in deep roof with anchor cable. Using prestressing force of bolt to reduce the initial deformation. (4) As the sophisticated environment of geological conditions of roadway, we think the dynamic informative design for roadway is matched well. This design approach can make the information of geological conditions accurate. (5) Made the cheng and wang village slope mining area coal mine 5106 face eturn air transportation tunnel as an exemple, to calculate the roof stress condition, according to the calculation results and the proposed bolting support design to optimization the support design. then, the numerical simulation software was used to verify the supporting roadway stability before and after optimization.
中图分类号:

 TD353    

开放日期:

 2014-06-12    

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