热水锅炉在人们的日常生活和工业生产中有着广泛的应用，其中90%是燃煤锅炉。燃煤锅炉的控制对象具有多入多出、非线性、大滞后、时变性等特性，并且现有的大多数锅炉控制系统均存在自动化程度不高，控制策略不合理等问题，导致锅炉设备效率不高，能源浪费和环境污染等严重问题。因此，改善锅炉控制系统的性能一直是锅炉控制行业比较关注的焦点。 首先，本文根据当前锅炉控制的现状以及存在的问题，结合燃煤热水锅炉的组成结构和工作原理，提出了锅炉系统的总体控制方案和控制模型。在控制模型设计过程中，为了便于分析和研究，根据燃煤热水锅炉的系统特性和控制对象之间的关联程度将整个控制系统分成了燃烧、循环水和补水这三个子系统，分别对其进行了论述和控制模型设计。而针对循环水控制，文中提出了恒温差变流量的控制策略，为解决供热过程中热力失衡的问题提供了参考。 然后，以锅炉燃烧系统中供水温度控制为例设计了一种复合型自适应模糊PID控制器，使得PID参数可在线自整定，克服了传统的PID控制器要求精确建模，对不确定性和时变性对象控制效果欠佳的缺点。为了说明该控制器的控制效果，利用 MATLAB 作为仿真工具，建立了复合型自适应模糊PID控制器的仿真模型并对其进行了仿真。结果表明，该控制器具有调节时间短、超调量小、稳定性好等特点，增强了锅炉控制系统的鲁棒性和控制精度。 最后，针对银川市永宁县供热中心65T燃煤热水锅炉，本文设计开发了基于ARM11的上位机人机交互平台和基于微处理器F040的下位机数据采集和控制系统。文中硬件设计部分针对上位机和下位机的主要硬件外围接口电路进行了详细的介绍，软件部分针对上位机系统管理、数据控制策略和人机交互界面进行了介绍和说明。 该系统投运至今一直处于稳定、可靠和高效的运行状态。实践证明本文了提出的控制方案合理，开发的系统可靠，可以为同行提供一些借鉴。

Hot water boiler has been widely used in people's daily life and industrial production, 90% of which is coal-fired boiler. such control objects of the boiler have multiple input multiple output , nonlinear, big delay, time-varying and other characteristics , and most of the existing boiler control system’s automation degree is not high and control strategy is unreasonable, which causes the reduction of boiler equipment efficiency, energy waste , environmental pollution and other serious problems. Therefore, to improve the performance of the boiler control system has been the focus of attention boiler control industry. First of all, this paper based on the current situation and existing problems of the boiler control, combined with the structure and working principle, proposes the overall control scheme and control model of boiler system. In the design process of the control model, in order to analyze and research easily, the whole control system is divided into the combustion system, water circulation system and replenishment system based on the characteristics of coal-fired hot water boiler system and the degree of association between the control objects to be discussed and designed respectively. The constant temperature difference and the variable flow control strategy for circulating water control is proposed in this paper, providing reference for solving the imbalance problem in the process of heating supply. Secondly, this paper makes the control of boiler water temperature as an example to design the composite self-tuning fuzzy PID controller, which automatically adjusts PID controller’s parameters on line. This controller overcomes the shortcomings that the control requires accurate model, and the control of uncertainty and time-varying object is ineffective from traditional PID controller. In order to illustrate the control effect of this controller, using MATLAB as a simulation tool, the simulation model of composite self-tuning fuzzy PID controller is established and the further analysis of simulation is processed. Simulation results show that the designed controller has short adjustment time, small overshoot, good stability characteristics ，and enhance the robustness and control accuracy of the boiler control system. Finally, according to 65T coal-fired hot water boiler for heating center for Yongning County, Yinchuan City, the paper designs and develops human-computer interaction platform based on ARM11 as host computer, data acquisition and control system based on the microprocessor F040 as slave computer. the hardware design part for the host computer and the slave computer main peripheral interface circuit is described in detail, the software design part mainly introduces and describes the host computer system management, data control strategy and the man-machine interface . So far, the system is put into operation and has been running stably, reliably. Practice has proved that the scheme is proposed in this paper is reasonable, the developed system is reliable and can provide some reference for the counterparts.