煤火是造成煤炭资源浪费的主要原因之一。为了研究煤火高温区域的分布和移动规律，本文针对煤火的蔓延发展特点，搭建煤火发展演化实验装置，选取硫磺沟和孟村煤矿煤样为研究对象，采用实验研究和数值模拟相结合的方式，研究不同煤样在常温常压环境下，燃烧过程中高温区域的分布和移动规律，为煤火蔓延发展规律的研究提供基础。

Using ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, laser thermal conductivity analyzers, and thermal analyzer experimental equipments, were used to analyze the basic characteristics of two coal samples to lay the foundation for geometric model building. The results show that the volatile content of the two coal samples were large and prone to spontaneous combustion. The thermal conductivity of Mengcun coal sample was the largest. The heat release of Mengcun coal sample was higher than the Liu Huanggou coal sample.

For the current situation of coal fire development and spread, the development and evolution simulation experiment device of coal fire has been designed independently. The maximum heating temperature of the experimental device can reach 1200°C. Based on the development and evolution simulation experiment device of coal fire, and determined the reasonable experimental conditions to research the development and evolution simulation experiment of coal fire for two different coal samples and obtain the distribution and movement rules of the high temperature area of the coal fire. The experimental results show that the coal samples were affected by different degrees of metamorphism and moisture content, the experiment combustion cycle of Liu Huanggou and Mengcun coal samples were 434h and 600h, respectively. The coal affected by factors such as pore, air flow and heat transfer during coal combustion, during the whole experiment, it can be seen that the high temperature area moves down in the whole change process, shows a non-linearly movement rule. Among them, the temperature of top coal samples was affected by environmental wind, pore and heat transfer, and the temperature of bottom coal samples was affected by pore and heat transfer. The temperature decreased in the downward movement of high temperature area with the influence of poor thermal conductivity, evaporation of water and environment temperature. According to the characteristics of the experimental device, the COMSOL Multiphysics numerical platform was used to establish the geometric model based on Mengcun coal sample and simulate the change of the temperature field. The numerical simulation results are consistent with the Mngcun coal sample experiment.