<p>论文选取在延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育作为研究对象。运用历史与逻辑相统一的方法、文献研究法、宏观研究与个案研究相结合、多学科结合的研究方法对延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育进行回顾、归纳和总结，从而找出对当代青年的思想政治教育工作有可学习和借鉴之处，进行结合新时代的转化。</p> <p>当前，中国青年面对的时代潮流和国际大势是百年未有之大变局，国际范围各种势力与我们争夺青年更加激烈。青年兴则国家兴，青年强则国家强。青年是民族解放和国家建设的生力军，也是民族和社会的希望和未来。中国革命事业离不开党的领导，而知识青年是党带领人民完成革命事业最得力的助手。想要抓住知识青年，首先要在知识青年的思想政治教育上下功夫。延安时期广大知识青年满怀革命理想，积极投身于革命和建设事业冲锋陷阵、抛洒热血，为民族的解放和祖国的富强无私奉献。研究延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育，无论从教育内容、教育原则还是教育方法上，都有对当代青年思想政治教育的影响。</p> <p>本文以延安时期为时代背景，以马克思主义理论为指导，对延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育进行理论与实践剖析。全文主要从以下四大方面阐释：</p> <p>一是回顾和梳理马克思主义经典作家的青年思想，回答了论述&ldquo;因何产生&rdquo;的问题。分别对马克思主义经典作家马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林的青年思想进行具体梳理，然后对近代以毛泽东思想为主导的马克思主义中国化过程中的青年思想政治教育理论及中华优秀传统文化中相关思想进行梳理。归纳为马克思恩格斯提出的关于思想政治教育方法有关的词语、概念，以及马克思恩格斯对青年教育问题的关注。以及列宁青年思想的理论归纳，重点阐述了列宁的&ldquo;灌输论&rdquo;中的思想政治教育的相关内容，论述了列宁的青年观是青年及青年团的主要任务就是学习，并对中共中央落脚陕北之前青年思想政治教育的相关归纳，分别是大革命时期党对青年的思想政治教育的形成与发展和井冈山时期党对青年思想政治教育。还包括中华优秀传统文化中关于青年教育的理论与实践，包括坚定不移的家国情怀、自强不息的民族精神、&ldquo;内圣外王&rdquo;的理想人格。</p> <p>二是回顾延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育的历史演进过程，回答了论述&ldquo;有何背景&rdquo;的问题。按照时间先后的顺序，分别从中共中央落脚陕北到抗日民族统一战线建立前、全面抗日战争开始到延安整风运动开始前、延安整风运动到抗战胜利、解放战争开始到中共中央东渡黄河，梳理各个阶段党对知识青年的思想政治教育活动，旨在能够从宏观角度更加清晰地了解延安时期这个历史阶段党对知识青年的思想政治教育的整个过程。</p> <p>三是归纳总结延安时期党对知识青年的思想政治教育的内容、原则、方法，回答了&ldquo;是什么、怎么做&rdquo;的问题。内容包括党对延安知识青年进行马列主义教育，使青年党员干部和人民军队掌握民族解放的最好武器。马列原著也逐渐展现出了其在延安知识青年当中的重要地位；接着是党的路线、方针、政策、策略与时事教育，在进行马克思主义理论教育的同时，延安干部学校等院校普遍地开设了政策与时事问题教育课程，以提高干部学员的政治认识水平；并且进行了抗日民族统一战线政策及策略教育；对延安知识青年进行爱国主义教育和阶级教育；军事理论教育，主要是军队青年的政治与纪律教育和毛泽东的军事思想，毛泽东军事思想是毛泽东思想走向成熟的重要表现内容；延安青年进行文化知识与中国传统文化的教育。延安时期党对青年思想政治教育的原则包括，教与学相一致的原则、教学少而精的原则、学用一致的原则、建立民主平等的师生关系的原则。延安时期党对青年思想政治教育的方法包括，理论与实践结合教育法、典型教育法、批评与自我批评教育法、启发式教育法。</p> <p>四是总结延安时期党对知识青年思想政治教育的重要经验与当代价值，回答了&ldquo;有何贡献&rdquo;的问题。延安时期党对知识青年思想政治教育的重要经验是始终坚持党的领导和马克思主义的指导、重点针对青年群体有效推进思想政治教育、注重理论与实践相结合、用辩证的态度不断创新思想政治教育方法。延安时期党对知识青年思想政治教育的当代价值是弘扬延安精神在党的思想政治教育过程中的当代价值、树立模范先锋榜样，培养新时代爱国青年、继承发扬中华优秀传统文化，实现中华民族伟大复兴。</p>

<p>The thesis selects the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education of intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period as the research object. This article reviews, summarizes, and summarizes the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education of intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period using the method of integrating history and logic, literature research, a combination of macro research and case studies, and a multidisciplinary research method, in order to identify areas that can be learned and used for reference in the ideological and political education of contemporary youth, and to adapt to the new era.</p> <p>At present, the trend of the times and the international trend that Chinese youth are facing is a major change that has not been seen in a century. Various forces around the world are increasingly competing with us for youth. A nation will prosper only when its young people thrive. Youth are the new force for national liberation and national construction, as well as the hope and future of the nation and society. China&#39;s revolutionary cause cannot be separated from the leadership of the Party, and intellectual youth are the most capable assistants of the CPC&nbsp;to lead the people to complete the revolutionary cause. To catch the knowledge youth, we must first work hard on the ideological and political education of the knowledge youth. During the Yan&#39;an period, the vast number of educated young people were full of revolutionary ideals, actively engaged in the revolutionary and construction cause, poured their blood, and selflessly contributed to the liberation of the nation and the prosperity and strength of the motherland. The study of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education of intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period has an impact on the ideological and political education of contemporary youth, whether in terms of educational content, educational principles, or educational methods.</p> <p>Taking the Yan&#39;an period as the background of the era and guided by Marxist theory, this article analyzes theoretically and practically the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education of intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period. The full text is mainly explained from the following four aspects:</p> <p>The first is to review and sort out the youth thoughts of classical Marxist writers and answer the question of &quot;why did they arise?&quot;. Respectively comb the youth thoughts of Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin, the classic Marxist writers, and then comb the youth ideological and political education theory in the process of sinicization of Marxism led by Mao Zedong Thought in modern times, as well as relevant ideas in the excellent traditional Chinese culture. It can be summarized as the words and concepts related to the methods of ideological and political education proposed by Marx and Engels, as well as Marx and Engels&#39; attention to the issue of youth education. And the theoretical induction of Lenin&#39;s youth thought, focusing on the relevant content of ideological and political education in Lenin&#39;s &quot;indoctrination theory&quot;, discussing that Lenin&#39;s youth view is the main task of youth and youth league, and the relevant induction of youth ideological and political education before the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China settled in northern Shaanxi, They are the formation and development of the Party&#39;s ideological and political education for young people during the Great Revolution and the Party&#39;s ideological and political education for young people during the Jinggangshan period. It also includes the theory and practice of youth education in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, including the unwavering feelings of family and country, the national spirit of constant self-improvement, and the ideal personality of &quot;being a saint within and a king outside&quot;.</p> <p>The second is to review the historical evolution of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period, and answer the question of &quot;what is the background?&quot;. According to the chronological order, from the time the CPC Central Committee settled in northern Shaanxi to the time before the establishment of the Anti Japanese National United Front, from the beginning of the Comprehensive Anti Japanese War to the time before the start of the Yan&#39;an Rectification Movement, from the time of the Yan&#39;an Rectification Movement to the victory of the Anti Japanese War, from the beginning of the Liberation War to the time when the CPC Central Committee crossed the Yellow River eastward, the ideological and political education activities of the Party for intellectual youth at various stages were sorted out, The aim is to gain a clearer understanding of the entire process of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education of intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period from a macro perspective.</p> <p>The third is to summarize the content, principles, and methods of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period, and answer the question of &quot;what is it and how to do it?&quot;. The content includes the CPC&#39;s education of Marxism-Leninism among the educated youth in Yan&#39;an, so that young CPC&nbsp;members, cadres, and the people&#39;s army can master the best weapon for national liberation. The original works of Marxism-Leninism have gradually demonstrated their important position among the educated youth in Yan&#39;an; Next is the Party&#39;s line, guidelines, policies, strategies, and current affairs education. While carrying out Marxist theoretical education, schools such as Yan&#39;an Cadre School have generally opened education courses on policy and current affairs issues to improve the political awareness level of cadres and students; And carried out education on the policies and strategies of the anti Japanese national united front; Carrying out patriotism education and class education for the educated youth in Yan&#39;an; Military theoretical education mainly refers to the political and disciplinary education of military youth and Mao Zedong&#39;s military thought, which is an important manifestation of Mao Zedong&#39;s thought towards maturity; Young people in Yan&#39;an receive education in cultural knowledge and traditional Chinese culture. The principles of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for young people during the Yan&#39;an period include the principle of consistency between teaching and learning, the principle of less but better teaching, the principle of consistency between learning and using, and the principle of establishing a democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students. The methods of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for young people during the Yan&#39;an period include the combination of theory and practice education method, typical education method, criticism and self criticism education method, and heuristic education method.</p> <p>The fourth is to summarize the important experience and contemporary value of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period, and answer the question of &quot;what contribution does it make?&quot;. The important experience of the CPC&nbsp;in the ideological and political education of knowledgeable youth during the Yan&#39;an period is to always adhere to the leadership of the CPC&nbsp;and the guidance of Marxism, effectively promote ideological and political education focusing on youth groups, pay attention to the combination of theory and practice, and continuously innovate ideological and political education methods with a dialectical attitude. The contemporary value of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education for intellectual youth during the Yan&#39;an period is to carry forward the contemporary value of the Yan&#39;an spirit in the process of the CPC&#39;s ideological and political education, set a model and pioneer example, cultivate patriotic youth in the new era, inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.</p>