矿工在井下面临工作环境较差、超负荷少休息的工作状态，且伴随各类矿山事故频 繁发生，使得事故后矿工的心理问题非常严重。国内外应急管理工作已将灾后心理危机干预工作纳入其中，但缺乏更加针对性的系统研究工作，且研究多聚焦于群体种类、危机程度，关于矿工事故境遇性心理危机的研究工作尚较少。因此，由于事故导致的矿工心理危机问题及长效干预模式亟需进行系统研究。

本文基于心理危机的发展性、境遇性、生存性危机分类，将矿工面临的事故境遇性危机作为研究对象，对矿工心理危机影响因素进行相关关系研究，并根据相关关系建立心理危机干预模式，其次进行干预模式仿真验证研究。具体研究步骤如下：

首先基于半结构访谈及文献研究整理矿工事故境遇性心理危机影响因素包括事故因素、应急响应及救助、社会支持、人格、人际关系敏感、应对方式、认知评价因素。通过对 246 名矿工展开各影响因素的问卷设计及选择研究。首先验证其信度及效度，其次进行差异性检验，最后对影响因素进行相关性分析并剔除事故因素中的距离因素、人格因素中的内外向弱影响因素及精神质无关因素、应对方式中的积极应对及认知评价中的目的性反刍认知。

其次通过 DEMATEL-ISM 方法对筛选影响因素进行层次递阶模型研究，通过决策实验室分析方法（DEMATEL）分析出影响因素原因结果重要度，分析得到 7 种原因属性因素及 4 种结果属性因素，并进行重要度排序。然后引入截距开展解释结构模型法（ISM）分析，通过层级递减得到 8 层递阶解释结构图，并对 8 层递阶结构进行分类得到矿工事故境遇性心理危机发生近邻原因、过渡原因及深层原因。得到矿工事故境遇性心理危机影响形成因子，为心理危机干预模型提供理论支撑。

最后进行模式分析即通过对矿工事故境遇性心理危机影响因素模型结构分析，得到矿工事故境遇性心理危机干预模式即“支持-平衡-认知-依赖”模式，并通过建立 Agent 交互个体对心理危机干预模式进行仿真检验，通过设定“严重心理危机个体”“轻度心理危机个体”“危机恢复个体”和“心理医师个体”的 Agent 个体，对 t 时 Agent 的心理危机状况及心理健康状况进行设定。通过对 0-85 天、85 天-650 天、650天-810 天的不同时间模式干预时间验证其模式有效性，并且验证可随时调整心理危机干预模式时间使得干预衔接更加完整。提供心理危机干预工作的应急管理事前、事发、事中、事后的干预模式。

本研究针对矿工事故境遇性心理危机研究其影响因素及干预模式，为应急管理事业中心理危机干预工作做相关补充。

Miners in the underground face poor working environment, overload and less rest.  At the same time, with the occurrence of various mine accidents, it makes the psychological problems of miners more serious after the accident. Post-disaster psychological crisis intervention included in emergency management at home and abroad, but there is a lack of more targeted systematic research work, and the research focuses on group types and crisis degree. There are few studies on the psychological crisis of miners' accidents. Therefore, the psychological crisis of miners caused by accidents and the long-term intervention model need to be systematically studied.

Based on the classification of developmental, situational and existential crisis of psychological crisis, this paper took the accident situation crisis faced by miners as the object, studied the correlation between the influencing factors of miners ' psychological crisis, and established the psychological crisis intervention model according to the correlation. Secondly, the intervention model simulation verification research is carried out. The specific research steps are as follows :

Firstly, based on semi-structured interviews and literature research, the influencing factors of miners' accident situational psychological crisis include accident factors, emergency response and rescue, social support, personality, interpersonal sensitivity, coping style and cognitive evaluation factors. Through the questionnaire design and selection research on the influencing factors of 246 miners. Firstly, its reliability and validity were verified. Secondly, the difference test was carried out. Finally, the correlation analysis of the influencing factors was carried out and the distance factors in the accident factors, the introverted and extroverted weak influencing factors in the personality factors and the unrelated factors of the psychoticism, the positive coping in the coping style and the purposeful rumination in the cognitive evaluation were eliminated.

Secondly, the DEMATEL-ISM method is used to study the hierarchical model of the screening influencing factors, and the importance of the influencing factors is analyzed by the decision laboratory analysis method (DEMATEL). Seven cause attribute factors and four result attribute factors are obtained, and the importance is sorted. Then, the intercept is introduced to carry out the ISM analysis, and the 8-layer hierarchical interpretation structure diagram is obtained by hierarchical decreasing. The 8-layer hierarchical structure is classified to obtain the nearest neighbor reason, transition reason and deep reason of the miners' psychological crisis. The influencing factors of miners' accident situational psychological crisis are obtained, which provides theoretical support for the psychological crisis intervention model.

Then, through the analysis of the model structure of the influencing factors of miners' accident situational psychological crisis, the 'support-balance-cognition-dependence' model is established. Through the establishment of Agent interaction individuals, the model test of the intervention mode is carried out, and the Agent is set to 'serious psychological crisis individual', 'mild psychological crisis individual', 'crisis recovery individual' and 'psychiatrist individual'. The dimension of the crisis psychological status and health psychological status of the Agent at 't' are set. The validity of the model is verified by the intervention time of the model at different times of 0-85 days, 85-650 days, 650-810 days, and the model can be adjusted at any time to make the model more complete. Provide emergency management of psychological crisis intervention before, during, and after the intervention model.

This paper studied the influencing factors and intervention modes of miners' psychological crisis in accident situations, and made relevant supplements for psychological crisis intervention in emergency management.

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