高熵合金是近年来出现的一种新型合金，具有优异的物理、软磁、化学、机械性能。目前关于高熵合金的研究还处于探索阶段，虽然已取得一定的进展，但具体到工程应用仍存部分问题尚需解决。如成分改变对高熵合金结构的影响规律尚不清晰，制备工艺对高熵合金的组织形貌以及力学性能的影响机理尚不明确。为了进一步探究高熵合金的组织演变规律及性能影响因素，本文选择CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金为研究对象，探究了Mn对电弧熔炼和定向凝固两种工艺下CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金组织结构及压缩性能的影响规律，分析了定向凝固工艺对CoCrFeNiMn_0.25和CoCrFeNiMn_0.75高熵合金组织结构及压缩性能的影响机理。得到以下主要结论：

添加Mn元素可以细化CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金的组织，合金微观形貌由等轴晶转变为树枝晶组织。树枝晶组织存在明显的成分偏析，其中Co、Fe、Ni元素在枝晶干富集，Mn和Ni元素在枝晶间富集，Cr元素均匀分布在树枝晶组织中，这由混合焓和凝固路径所决定。Mn含量的增加显著改善了电弧熔炼CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金的抗压强度和压缩延展性，合金的抗压强度由3070MPa增加到3830MPa，增幅达到24.8%，合金的压缩应变由53.12%增加到73.29%。其中Mn_0.25合金具有优异的性能，FCC结构的存在提高了合金的压缩延展性。

定向凝固CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金的晶体结构均为FCC₁和FCC₂混合结构，合金的枝晶干富集Co、Cr和Fe元素，枝晶间富集Mn和Ni元素。结合FCC晶体结构以及Mn元素提高FCC相稳定性的作用，CoCrFeNiMn_x高熵合金的压缩性能随着Mn含量的增加大幅提升，合金的抗压强度由3410MPa增加到4620MPa，增幅达到35.5%，合金的压缩应变由68.29%增加到79.53%。

两种制备工艺下，添加Mn元素可以改善合金的抗压强度和压缩延展性。EDS结果表明，定向凝固降低了合金元素的偏析程度。经过定向凝固处理后，合金沿着（200）方向表现出晶体的择优生长，较低的冷却速率使形核速率降低，合金组织中的树枝晶尺寸发生增大。晶界强化和高熵效应的共同作用使得合金具有优异的性能，CoCrFeNiMn_0.25合金的抗压强度由3830MPa增大至4350MPa，压缩应变由55.89%增大至73.14%。

High entropy alloys are new types of alloys that have emerged in recent years. They have excellent physical, soft-magnetic, chemical and mechanical properties. At present, research on high entropy alloys is still in the exploratory stage. Although some progresses have been made, there are still some problems to be solved in engineering applications. For example, the influence laws of the composition changes on the structure of high entropy alloys and the influence mechanisms of preparation processes on the microstructures and mechanical properties of high entropy alloys are still not clear. In order to further explore the microstructure evolution and the performance influencing factors of high entropy alloys, this paper selectes CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloy as the research object to explore the influence of Mn on the microstructures and compressive properties of CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloy under arc melting and directional solidification, and to analyze the influence mechanism of directional solidification on the microstructures and compressive properties of CoCrFeNiMn_0.25 and CoCrFeNiMn_0.75 high entropy alloys. The main conclusions are as follows:

The addition of Mn element can refine the microstructure of CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloy, and the microstructure of the alloy changes from equiaxed crystal structure to dendritic structure. There is obvious composition segregation in dendritic structure, Co, Fe and Ni elements in dendrite structure were enriched in the dendritic, Mn and Ni elements were enriched in the interdendritic, and Cr element was evenly distributed in dendrite structures, This was determined by the mixing enthalpy and solidification path.The increase of Mn content significantly improves the compressive strength and compressive ductility of arc-melted CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloys, and the compressive strength of the alloy was increased from 3070MPa to 3830MPa, the growth rate reached 24.8%, and the compressive strain of the alloy was increased from 53.12% to 73.29%. Among them, Mn_0.25 alloy has excellent properties, and the existence of FCC structure improved the compressive ductility of the alloy.

The crystal structure of directional solidification CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloy is FCC₁ and FCC₂ mixed structure, Co, Cr and Fe elements were riched in the dendritic, and Mn and Ni elements were riched in the inter-dendritice. Combined with FCC crystal structure and the effect of Mn element on improving the stability of FCC phase, the compressive property of CoCrFeNiMn_x high entropy alloy was greatly improved with the increase of Mn content. The compressive strength of the alloy was increased from 3410MPa to 4620MPa, the growth rate reached 35.5%, and the compressive strain of the alloy was increased from 68.29% to 79.53%.

Under the two preparation processes, the addition of Mn element can ameliorate the compressive strength and compressive ductility of the alloy. The results of EDS showed that directional solidification reduced the segregation degree of alloy elements. After directional solidification, the alloys showed preferential crystal growth along (200) direction, and the lower cooling rate reduced the nucleation rate, and the dendrite size in the alloy’s structure increasesed. The combined action of grain boundary strengthening and high entropy effect made the alloy have excellent properties. The compressive strength of CoCrFeNiMn_0.25 alloy increasesed from 3830MPa to 4350MPa, and the compressive strain increasesed from 55.89% to 73.14%.

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