钠盐阻化剂是一种新型吸水性阻化剂，常用于矿井防灭火。该阻化剂在常温条件下存在刺激性气味，吸湿率高等问题，易造成阻化剂材料浪费。因此本文对钠盐阻化剂进行微胶囊化改性处理，旨在降低阻化剂储存过程中吸湿性，提高阻化剂在使用过程中的阻化效率。

采用融化分散冷凝法以聚乙二醇20000（PEG-20000）为壁材，钠盐阻化剂为芯材成功制备钠盐微胶囊阻化剂。微胶囊化改性可降低钠盐阻化剂在常温条件下的吸湿率，壁材与芯材质量比为2:1时吸湿率下降67.3%；钠盐阻化剂、钠盐微胶囊阻化剂初始分解温度分别为753.1 ℃和384.5 ℃，微胶囊化钠盐阻化剂热稳定性降低。

通过热重和程序升温实验，研究阻化剂对煤样氧化特性抑制效果。钠盐阻化剂和钠盐微胶囊阻化剂均可抑制煤样自燃。原煤样和添加阻化剂煤样耗氧速率、CO产生率、CO₂产生率随温度升高呈指数型增大，添加阻化剂煤样数值均低于原煤样。实验条件下，15%浓度钠盐微胶囊阻化剂对黑沟煤样低温氧化抑制效果最佳，添加该阻化剂煤样水分蒸发及气体脱附阶段表观活化能较原煤样增大64.7%，吸氧增重阶段表观活化能增加56.9%；15%浓度钠盐微胶囊阻化剂平均阻化率为66.6%，110 ℃时最高阻化率达83.8%。

利用红外光谱实验研究升温过程中钠盐微胶囊阻化剂对煤样阻化特性的影响。实验初期，钠盐微胶囊阻化剂壁材PEG-20000与煤中羟基、含羰基类活性组分发生反应，降低煤样氧化活性官能团含量，抑制煤样自燃氧化。随着煤样温度升高，PEG-20000熔融覆盖于煤体表面，芯材钠盐阻化剂逐渐暴露于空气中，通过隔绝氧气、吸收水分实现煤样氧化自燃的抑制作用。

Sodium salt inhibitor (SSI) is a new type of water-absorbing inhibitor, often used in mine fire prevention. But SSI has the problems of pungent odor and high moisture absorption rate under normal temperature conditions. Thus, SSI is more prone to cause inhibitor waste. Therefore, in this study, SSI is modified by microencapsulation, to reduce the moisture absorption rate and improve the efficiency.

Microcapsule sodium salt inhibitor (MSSI)was successfully prepared melting dispersion and condensation method, with polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG-20000) as the wall material and SSI as the core material. Microcapsule modification can reduce the moisture absorption rate of SSI at normal temperature conditions. When the mass ratio of wall material to core material is 2:1, the moisture absorption rate is reduced by 67.3%; The initial decomposition temperature of SSI and MSSI are 753.1 ℃ and 384.5 ℃, and thermal stability of MSSI is reduced.

The thermogravimetric and temperature-programmed experiments was applied to exlplore the oxidation characteristics of coal samples treated with inhibitors. SSI and MSSI can inhibit coal spontaneous combustion. With the increase in temperature, the oxygen consumption rate, CO generation rate, and CO₂ generation rate of the raw coal and coal samples treated with inhibitors increase exponentially. and the values of coal samples treated with inhibitors are lower than those of raw coal. Under the experimental conditions, 15% concentration MSSI has the best inhibitory effect on low-temperature oxidation of Hei Gou coal samples. Compared with raw coal, the apparent activation energy of water evaporation and gas desorption stage increased by 64.7%, and oxygen absorption weight gain stage increased by 56.9%; the average inhibition rate of 15% MSSI is 66.6%, and the highest inhibition rate at 110 ℃ reached 83.8%.

The infrared spectroscopy was used to test the influence of MSSI on the inhibition characteristics of coal samples during the heating process. At the beginning of the experiment, PEG-20000 can react with the hydroxyl and carbonyl-containing active components to reduce coal sample oxidation active functional group content, inhibit coal self-ignition oxidation. As the temperature of the coal sample increases, PEG-20000 melts and covers the surface of the coal, and the sodium salt inhibitor of the core material is gradually exposed to the air, achieving inhibition by isolating oxygen and absorbing moisture.

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