党的十八大报告强调，要完善干部考核评价机制，促进领导干部树立正确的政绩观，这对新时期加强干部考核评价机制建设提出了更高的要求。我国一直比较重视干部的绩效考评体系建设，但对基层乡镇领导班子和领导干部考核的研究比较匮乏，还没有形成一套系统规范的体系。乡镇领导干部是与人们群众接触最多的领导层，他们素质的高低将直接党在人们群众心中的形象，也是事关党和国家的方针政策在基层的落实情况，因此乡镇领导的绩效考核尤为重要。 　　　本文以基层乡镇领导干部的绩效考核为研究对象，首先对绩效考核的相关理论进行了概述，然后以陕西省延长县乡镇领导绩效考评为研究个案，总结出乡镇领导在绩效考评方面存在的问题，比如绩效考核主体单一化、绩效考核内容简单化、绩效考核方法定性化、绩效考核结果敷衍化等问题，并由此提出建立和完善基层乡镇领导干部和领导班子绩效考评体系的对策建议。乡镇领导干部绩效考评体系包括绩效考评主体体系、绩效考评内容体系、绩效考评方法体系和绩效考评结果运用体系，通过研究基层乡镇领导的绩效考评体系，以期为完善我国基层领导绩效考核理论贡献一份力量。

The Eighteenth National Congress perfect the cadre appraisal mechanism to promote the leading cadres to establish a correct view of achievements， which Strengthening Examination and evaluation mechanisms put forward higher requirements. China has been more emphasis on building performance evaluation system of cadres, but research on grassroots leadership and cadres of township assessment relatively scarce, there is no standardized system to form a system. Township leading cadres are in contact with the leadership of the largest masses of people, their quality will directly party’s image in the minds of the masses of people, but also the Party and state policies in the implementation of the grassroots, so performance evaluation is particularly important township leaders . 　　　In this paper， grassroots township leading cadres performance appraisal as the research object， the first performance appraisal provides an overview of the relevant theory， then， Yanchang township leaders case study of performance evaluation， summed up in the township leadership many problems in performance appraisal， such as performance appraisal main single， simplified performance appraisal content， qualitative performance evaluation methods qualitative， performance issues such perfunctory assessment results and so on， and proposed the establishment and improvement of rural grassroots cadres and leadership performance appraisal system countermeasures. Construction of the township leading cadres performance appraisal system， including performance assessment body system， performance appraisal content system， performance evaluation methodologies and performance evaluation results of the use of system， through the study townships leadership performance appraisal system in order to improve our grass-roots leadership performance appraisal theoretical contributions a force.