如今计算机图形学推动着三维渲染技术的发展。大量的商业渲染方案也逐步应用到三维地理信息系统中。兴起的图像渲染技术成为了打开地理信息产业另一大门的新钥匙。逼真的三维图像渲染已经成为全球广泛的研究方向之一。它不仅是计算机图形学研究的重要课题，也是三维地理信息产业发展过程中的必经之路。 三维效果的真实表现及渲染算法的优化改进，不仅是图形图像研究的基础与重点，而且在三维地理信息系统中具有重要的意义。本课题是以GPU可编程管线为核心，以图形图像处理的渲染方法为基础，对三维场景提升真实效果的研究。其主要内容包括渲染框架及后处理技术两大类。 在渲染框架的研究中，本文介绍了不同的渲染方法，重点研究了延迟渲染的整体流程，同时对不同的光照算法及各类的贴图映射技术做了深入分析，最终设计并实现了三维图像渲染系统。 在后处理技术的研究中，主要对国际上流行的后处理技术做了研究与应用，包括：High Dynamic Range（HDR）的渲染环境曝光，Depth of Field（DOF）的景深模拟，Screen Space Ambient Occlusion（SSAO）的明暗细节，Digital Image Processing（DIP）的图像色彩调整等。 本文的三维渲染系统主要使用Open Scene Graph（OSG）来管理场景数据并通过OpenGL Shading Language（GLSL）完成渲染效果。以VRMine导出的数字矿山工业广场为示例场景，对其在整个框架中的表现效果做出应用，并对其性能上的优劣做了分析。

Development of 3D graphics rendering technology is due to computer graphics. Large of commercial rendering programs are also gradually applied to the 3D geographic information system (GIS). Graphics-related technologies will be the key to open a new geographic information technologies.It is an important issue in computer graphics research, and the only way 3D geographic information industry in the development process. It promotes the development and technology revolution of graphics,and has an important significance in the 3D GIS, including the real performance of effects and improvement of rendering algorithm. The topic is how to deeper control visual effects on the GPU programmable pipeline. This is also the basis and focus of graphics research. It has two main contents, namely rendering framework and post-processing techniques. In the study rendering framework, this dissertation describes the different rendering methods, focusing on the overall process of delayed rendering, and light of different algorithms and texture mapping technique, the final design and implementation of a 3D image rendering system. In the study of post-processing technology, the main research is internationally popular post-processing technologies, including environmental exposure rendering of High Dynamic Range (HDR), eye’s simulation by Depth of Field (DOF), light and shade detail of Screen Space Ambient Occlusion (SSAO) and image color adjustment of Digital Image Processing (DIP) . In this dissertation, 3D rendering system use Open Scene Graph(OSG) to manage scene data and OpenGL Shading Language(GLSL) to render effects. Scene data is VRMine export data, analyzes the performance of the pros and cons in rendering framework.