随着工业发展速度越来越快，各种风险事故不断出现，风险管理势在必行，环境风险评价已经越来越成为风险管理的一个重要组成部分。尤其是在石化企业中，环境风险评价更加紧迫。为此，本文对现有的环境风险评价方法进行筛选比较，建立了优化的石化企业环境风险综合评价指标体系，整合网络分析法(ANP)与灰色变权聚类评价法，对QL 石化企业环境风险进行综合评价。
首先，建立优化的 QL 石化企业环境风险综合评价指标体系。本部分通过研究影响QL 石化企业环境风险因素，并利用相关性分析的指标筛选方法，进行指标体系的优化，将 44 个评价指标优化为 30 个评价指标；结合 QL 石化企业的实际情况，得到了符合该石化企业的环境风险综合评价指标体系，能够更好把控影响 QL 石化企业环境风险的关键因素，并对 QL 石化企业的环境风险进行相对合理的评价研究。
其次，基于 ANP 对 QL 石化企业环境风险综合评价指标权重进行确定。采用 1-9 标度法求出判断矩阵，对 QL 石化企业的环境风险指标进行了成对比较，并采用专家打分的方式进行评估。为了确保数据完整性，针对不同领域的专家，设定了必须给出评分的项目。通过建立未加权超矩阵和极限超矩阵，得出了评价指标的排序结果，并生成了评价指标权重表。以确保评价指标的权重计算准确且可靠。
最后，基于灰色变权聚类法对 QL 石化企业环境风险进行综合评价。根据该石化企业实际情况，将风险评价等级划分成 5 个等级，用 2 到 12 之间的数表示风险值的大小。采用灰色变权聚类评价法确定灰类，构造三角白化权函数，计算灰色评价系数，确定灰色矩阵。将 ANP 法计算出的指标权重用作各个灰类的定权系数，从而能够将主观无法量化的环境风险程度以模糊的语言形式量化，并转化为可比较的客观数值。综合评价结果
显示该石化企业环境风险值为 5.37，表明该企业环境风险总体处于较低风险等级。

With the rapid development of industry, various risk accidents continue to appear, risk management is imperative, environmental risk assessment has become more and more an important part of risk management. Especially in petrochemical enterprises, environmental risk assessment is more urgent. Therefore, this issue screens and compares the existing environmental risk assessment methods, establishes an optimized comprehensive assessment
index system for the environmental risk of petrochemical enterprises, integrates the network analysis method (ANP) and the grey variable weight cluster evaluation method, and carries out
a comprehensive assessment of the environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprises.
First of all, establish an optimized comprehensive evaluation index system of environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprises. In this part, by studying the environmental risk factors of QL petrochemical enterprises, and using the index screening method of correlation analysis, the index system is optimized, and 44 evaluation indexes are optimized to 30 evaluation indexes.
Combined with the actual situation of QL petrochemical enterprises, a comprehensive evaluation index system of environmental risk is obtained, which can better control the key
factors affecting the environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprises, and make a relatively reasonable evaluation and research on the environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprises.
Secondly, the weight of comprehensive evaluation index of environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprises is determined based on ANP. The judgment matrix is obtained by using the 1-9 scale method, and the environmental risk indexes of QL petrochemical enterprises are compared in pairs, and evaluated by experts. In order to ensure the integrity of the data, theitems that must be scored are set for experts in different fields. Through the establishment of unweighted super-matrix and limit hypermatrix, the ranking result of evaluation index is obtained, and the weight table of evaluation index is generated. To ensure that the weight of the evaluation index is calculated accurately and reliably.
Finally, the environmental risk of QL petrochemical enterprise is evaluated comprehensively based on grey variable weight clustering method. According to the actual situation of the
petrochemical enterprise, the risk assessment level is divided into 5 levels, and the risk value is represented by a number between 2 and 12. Grey class is determined by grey variable weight cluster evaluation method, triangular whitening weight function is constructed, grey evaluation coefficient is calculated and grey matrix is determined. The index weight calculated by ANP
method is used as the fixed weight coefficient of each gray class. Thus, the degree of environmental risk that cannot be quantified subjectively can be quantified in a vague language form and converted into a comparable objective value. The comprehensive evaluation results show that the environmental risk value of the petrochemical enterprise is 5.37, indicating that the environmental risk of the enterprise is in a low risk level.

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