在油田的开发过程中，由于地下温度、压力、水的热力学不稳定性和化学不相容性等条件的变化，使底层油套管、地面及井下设备和管道发生结垢现象。其中危害最大的垢是硫酸盐垢。 本文探讨了水为介质，以神府3-1煤中提取的腐植酸经磺化处理，制备煤基阻垢剂(SHA)，以顺丁烯二酸酐(MAn）、丙烯酸(AA）、丙烯酸甲酯(MAc）、次亚磷酸钠(P)等单体组合合成了三组聚合物阻垢剂:MAn-AA-MAc、MAn-P-AA、MAn-P-AA-MAc。探讨了合成中引发剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对共聚物阻垢剂阻垢钡离子性能的影响，找出共聚物阻垢剂最佳的合成条件，并对Ca2+、Ba2+、Sr2+进行阻垢能力验证。采用静态阻垢法评价共聚物的阻垢性能。结果表明：磺化腐植酸在用量为20mg时对浓度为647.545ppm的Ca2+阻垢率达到95.68%、用量为60mg时对浓度为954.446ppm的Ba2+阻垢率达到83.39%、用量为85mg时对浓度为529.891的Sr2+阻垢率达到80.92%；聚合物阻垢剂MAn-AA-MAc在反应条件6h，85℃,引发剂用量为1.2%时，用量为75mg、125mg、80mg对Ca2+、Ba2+、Sr2+达到最大阻垢率,分别为90.34%、74.31%和84.26%；聚合物阻垢剂MAn-P-AA在反应条件6h，75℃，引发剂用量2.4%时，用量为50mg、80mg、80mg对Ca2+、Ba2+、Sr2+达到最大阻垢率，分别为91.71%、76.03%和85.04%；聚合物阻垢剂MAn-P-AA-MAc在反应条件4.5h，85℃，引发剂用量2.4%时，用量为60mg、90mg、70mg对Ca2+、Ba2+、Sr2+达到最大阻垢率，分别为92.76%、78.26%和85.35%。用煤基阻垢剂SHA与三组聚合物阻垢剂复配，当SHA与MAn-AA-MAc为3:1(v/v)，用量在60mg时，对954.446ppm的Ba2+的阻垢率为84.33%；当SHA与MAn-P-AA为1:1(v/v)，用量在60mg时，对954.446ppm的Ba2+的阻垢率为85.68%；当SHA与MAn-P-AA为2:1(v/v)，用量在60mg时，对954.446ppm的Ba2+的阻垢率为88.59%。 　　　在Ca2+、Ba2+、Sr2+不同浓度下，对三组复配阻垢剂的阻垢性能进行测试，与单一阻垢剂的阻垢效果相比，复配阻垢剂具有小剂量，阻垢率高的特点。并对垢物进行了扫描电镜和XRD衍射的表征，说明复配阻垢剂对钡/锶离子有良好的阻垢效果。并对复配阻垢剂的作用机理进行了初步探讨，与单一阻垢剂相比，复配阻垢剂中多种官能团在阻垢作用中有明显的配伍性，对钡/锶离子的小剂量效应、鳌合作用和电荷分散作用明显。

In the oilfield development, due to the change of underground temperature, pressure, the thermodynamics instability of water and chemical incompatibility, which make the oil casing in the bottom, equipments on the ground and down hole and pipeline occurre scaling phenomenon. Among them, sulfate scaling was the most harmful. This paper studied the scale inhibition performance of coal-based scale inhibition (SHA)which was obtained by humic acid in coal after sulfonated treatment and three polymer scale inhibitor composite stabilizer which were compound by several monomers maleic anhydride (MAn),acrylic acid (AA), methacrylate (MAc),NaH2PO2(P),and etc.Discussed the effect of the dosage of initiator, reaction temperature, reaction time in the synthesis process on the scale inhibition performance of copolymer scale inhibitor to barium ion, obtained the best synthesis condition of copolymer scale inhibitor, then verified the scale inhibition of copolymer scale inhibitor to calcium, barium, strontium ions. Static scale inhibition method was taken to evaluate the scale inhibition performance.Results showed that, the scale inhibition rate could reach 95.68% under the condition of sulfonated humic acid dosage 20mg, the concentration of calcium 647.545ppm, the scale inhibition rate could reach 83.39% under the condition of sulfonated humic acid dosage 60mg, the concentration of barium 954.446ppm, the scale inhibition rate could reach 80.92% under the condition of sulfonated humic acid dosage 850mg, the concentration of barium 529.891ppm.The scale inhibition rate of the polymer scale inhibitor MAn-AA-MAc to calcium, barium and strontium ions could reach maximum 90.34%, 74.31%, 84.26%, when the dosage was 75mg, 125mg and 80mg, respectively. MAn-AA-MAc was synthesized under the condition of reaction time 6 hours, 85℃, the dosage of initiator 1.2%.The scale inhibition rate of the polymer scale inhibitor MAn-P-AA to calcium, barium, strontium ions could reach maximum 91.71%、76.03%,and 85.04%, when the dosage was 50mg, 80mg and 80mg, respectively. MAn-P-AA was synthesized under the condition of reaction time 6 hours,75℃, the dosage of initiator 2.4%.The scale inhibition rate of the polymer scale inhibitor MAn-P-AA-MAc to calcium, barium and strontium ions could reach maximum 92.76%, 78.26%, and 85.35%, when the dosage was 60mg, 90mg and 70mg, respectively. MAn-P-AA-MAc was synthesized under the condition of reaction time 4.5 hours, 85℃, the dosage of initiator 2.4%.The scale inhibition rate for barium could reach 84.33%, when the volume ratio of SHA to MAn-AA-Mac 3:1, the dosage 60mg, the concentration of barium 954.446ppm. The scale inhibition rate for barium could reach 85.68%, when the volume ratio of SHA to MAn-P-AA 1:1, the dosage 60mg, the concentration of barium 954.446ppm.The scale inhibition rate for barium could reach 88.59%, when the volume ratio of SHA to MAn-AA-Mac 2:1, the dosage 60mg, the concentration of barium 954.446ppm. 　　　Testing the performance of the three composite stabilizer scale inhibitor under the different concentration of calcium, barium and strontium, the compound scale inhibitor had the characteristics of small dose and high scale inhibition rate compared with single scale inhibitors effect. And scanning electron microscope (SCE) and XRD patterns were employed to study the characterization, the results indicated that composite stabilizer scale inhibitor had good scale inhibition effect.Preliminary study on the mechanism of composite stabilizer scale inhibitor, compared with single scale inhibitor, multifunction group of composite stabilizer scale inhibitor had significant compatibility, and the small dose effect, chelation effect and charge dispersion to barium and strontium were obvious.