煤炭在我国的能源结构中占有主要地位。然而煤自燃严重影响煤矿的安全生产，且造成大量煤炭资源的浪费。色连二矿12205工作面地质条件复杂，顶板向上2m有一层1m左右的煤层，伴随工作面开采，煤层成破碎状进入采空区，且该工作面煤层是易自燃煤层，且自然发火期较短，若发生自燃会对煤矿安全生产造成严重影响。 论文以实验数据与现场观测数据为基础，通过大型煤自然发火实验台对该工作面煤样进行煤自燃参数测试，得出煤自燃放热强度、耗氧速率、煤最短自然发火期等煤自燃特性参数及指标气体；通过现场观测与数值模拟，确定了采空区内气体浓度的分布规律，漏风强度情况，并对氧浓度进行数值模拟，最终确定了该面在当前开采条件下的采空区煤自燃“三带”分布情况，为煤自燃防治提供依据。 在煤自然发火实验和现场观测的基础上，结合该面实际条件，提出了以“注氮降氧”技术措施为主和以“注浆降温堵漏”为辅的防灭火技术措施。并制定自然发火监测预警指标及CO超限快速应急控制技术，从而形成符合色连二矿12205工作面实际条件的采空区煤自燃防治技术体系。用来指导现场煤自燃防治工作，取得良好的效果，为确保该面及其他工作面正常生产提供了安全保障。

The coal occupies the main position in Chinese energy structure. However, the coal spontaneous combustion seriously threats the safety of coal production, and causes great waste of coal. The working face 12205 of the No.2 mine in Selian, which is 2m lower than a coal seam with 1m thickness, has a complex geological condition. Along with the working face mined, the coal was fragmentized and got into the goaf. Because this coal seam has a short spontaneous combustion time and a high spontaneous combustion tendency, it would cause a serious consequence once the coal spontaneous combustion occurred. The paper is based on the data from the experiment and coal field. The characteristic parameters of coal spontaneous combustion, such as the heat liberation intensity, oxygen consumption rate, the shortest spontaneous combustion time, and index gases were tested through a large scale experiment of coal spontaneous combustion. The gas concentration distribution in different positions of goaf, the air leakage intensity and the oxygen concentration were studied, through the field observation and numerical simulation by fluent software. In the last, the " three zones" of coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf was determined, providing the basis for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion. Based on the coal spontaneous combustion experiment and field observation, the fire prevention and extinguishing measurements were given that the “nitrogen injection and oxygen reduction” measures is primary, and the“grouting cooling plugging”is secondary. The monitoring and warning indices of spontaneous combustion and the rapid emergency control technology of overrunning CO were designed, constituting the prevention and control technical system of coal spontaneous combustion of the goaf from the working face 12205 in the No.2 mine of Selian.It was used to guide the coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control，and had a good effect. It also provided security for this working face and other working faces.