深部矿床开采发生在高应力、高地温、高井深的独特环境中，其中高地热引起的热害严重制约了深部矿床的有效开采。通过向传统充填料浆中加入定形相变材料固化形成具有高蓄热性能的充填体，在处置矿山固体废弃物的同时也可以提取深部矿井围岩中的地热资源以达到缓解矿井热害的目的。本研究以尾砂胶结充填体为研究对象，研究并分析了石蜡/膨胀石墨定形相变材料（PA/EG-SSPCM）和粉煤灰添加比例对充填料浆流动性能以及PA/EG-SSPCM和粉煤灰添加比例、相变材料相态对充填体力学和热学性能的影响。

      采用直接浸渍法制备具有高蓄热性能的PA/EG-SSPCM，DSC测试结果表明其相变潜热值达到了203.74 J/g，在经过100次热循环实验后PA/EG-SSPCM的潜热值为192.84 J/g，其热循环损失率为5.3%，表现出了良好的热循环稳定性。

       本研究原始料浆配比下（灰砂比1:4，料浆浓度72%），添加10%、20%与未添加PA/EG-SSPCM的充填料浆相比屈服应力分别提高了7.98 Pa、21.63 Pa，塑性黏度分别提高了0.351 Pa·s、1.1745 Pa·s。在PA/EG-SSPCM添加比例为10%的条件下，添加10%、20%与添加5%粉煤灰的充填料浆相比屈服应力分别降低了3.48 Pa、10.89 Pa，塑性黏度分别降低了0.139 Pa·s、0.7513 Pa·s。流变特性测试表明，PA/EG-SSPCM添加比例越大，料浆流动性能越差，粉煤灰添加比例越大，料浆流动性能越好。

       原始料浆配比下未添加PA/EG-SSPCM的充填体抗压强度为3.62 MPa，添加10%、20%PA/EG-SSPCM时，充填体抗压强度分别降低了0.59 MPa、1.38 MPa。另外，添加10%PA/EG-SSPCM的条件下，相变材料为固相和液相时，充填体抗压强度分别为3.03 MPa和2.15 MPa。可见PA/EG-SSPCM添加比例的增大和相变材料的液化都会对充填体的抗压强度产生不利影响。PA/EG-SSPCM与充填材料之间的相容性较差导致充填体内部孔隙数量增多，削弱了充填体的抗压强度，同时，相变材料由于液化造成PA/EG-SSPCM自身强度下降，进一步导致了充填体抗压强度的下降。

       原始料浆配比下PA/EG-SSPCM添加比例为10%时，未添加粉煤灰的充填体抗压强度为3.03 MPa，分别添加5%和10%的粉煤灰时充填体抗压强度为3.15 MPa和3.04 MPa，分别增大了0.12 MPa和0.01 MPa。抗压强度增大的原因主要是由于粉煤灰中的火山灰质可以诱发水泥的二次水化反应，交叉形成更加致密的网络结构提高充填体的抗压强度。但是当粉煤灰添加量超过一定比例时反而会引起充填体抗压强度的下降。

      原始料浆配比下添加10%、20%与未添加PA/EG-SSPCM的充填体相比导热系数分别提高了0.137 W/(m·℃)、0.185 W/(m·℃)，比热容也有不同程度的提高。在PA/EG-SSPCM添加比例为10%的条件下，添加5%、10%粉煤灰与未添加粉煤灰相比导热系数分别提高了0.009 W/(m·℃)、-0.01 W/(m·℃)。可见，在充填体中添加PA/EG-SSPCM可以提高充填体的比热容和导热系数，从而提升充填体的蓄热能力和蓄热/释热速率。但粉煤灰添加比例过高会对充填体的导热性能产生不利影响。

      上述分析表明：添加PA/EG-SSPCM虽然能提高充填体的比热容和导热系数，但会降低充填料浆的流动性能和充填体的抗压强度。添加粉煤灰能提高充填料浆流动性能并在一定程度上增强充填体的抗压强度和导热系数，但粉煤灰添加比例过高又会对充填体的导热系数和抗压强度产生不利影响。基于本研究的测试结果，从流变、力学、热学性能综合考虑，建议PA/EG-SSPCM和粉煤灰的添加比例均不超过10%为宜。本论文的研究结果可为相变蓄热充填料浆的配比提供理论参考，为充填体的蓄热/释热性能研究提供基础数据。

      Deep deposit mining takes place in a unique environment of high stress, high ground temperature and high well depth, where high geothermal induced thermal damage severely restricts the effective mining of deep deposits. By curing the conventional backfill slurry with the shape-stabilized phase change material to form the backfill body with high thermal storage properties, the geothermal resources in the surrounding rocks of the deep mine can be extracted while disposing of the mine solid waste for the purpose of mitigating the heat damage in the mine. In this study, the effects of the addition of paraffin/expanded graphite shape-stabilized phase change material (PA/EG-SSPCM) and fly ash on the fluidity of the backfill slurry, as well as the effects of the addition of PA/EG-SSPCM and fly ash and the phase state of the phase change material on the mechanical and thermal properties of the backfill body were investigated and analyzed using tailing sand cemented backfill body.

      PA/EG-SSPCM with high thermal storage property was prepared by direct impregnation. The DSC test results showed that its latent heat of phase change value reached 203.74 J/g. After 100 thermal cycles, the latent heat value of PA/EG-SSPCM was 192.84 J/g and its thermal cycle loss rate was 5.3%, which showed good thermal cycle stability.

      In this study, the yield stress was increased by 7.98 Pa and 21.63 Pa and the plastic viscosities were increased by 0.351 Pa·s and 1.1745 Pa·s for 10% and 20% PA/EG-SSPCM added compared to the original slurry ratio (ash-sand ratio 1:4, slurry concentration 72%). Under the condition of 10% PA/EG-SSPCM addition, the yield stress decreased by 3.48 Pa and 10.89 Pa and the plastic viscosity decreased by 0.139 Pa·s and 0.7513 Pa·s for 10% and 20% PA/EG-SSPCM addition respectively compared to 5% fly ash addition. The greater the proportion of PA/EG-SSPCM added, the poorer the fluidity of the slurry, and the greater the proportion of fly ash added, the better the fluidity of the slurry.

      The compressive strength of the backfill body without PA/EG-SSPCM in the original slurry ratio was 3.62 MPa, but with 10% and 20% PA/EG-SSPCM, the compressive strength of the backfill body decreased by 0.59 MPa and 1.38 MPa, respectively. In addition, the compressive strength of the backfill body was 3.03 MPa and 2.15 MPa when the phase change material was solid phase and liquid phase, respectively, with 10% PA/EG-SSPCM addition. It can be seen that both the increase in the PA/EG-SSPCM addition ratio and the liquefaction of the phase change material have a negative impact on the compressive strength of the backfill body. The poor compatibility between PA/EG-SSPCM and the backfill material leads to an increase in the number of pores inside the backfill body, which weakens the compressive strength of the backfill body, while the liquefaction of the phase change material causes a decrease in the strength of PA/EG-SSPCM itself, which further leads to a decrease in the compressive strength of the backfill body.

       The compressive strength of the backfill body without the addition of fly ash was 3.03 MPa at the original slurry ratio of 10% PA/EG-SSPCM, while the compressive strength of the backfill body with the addition of 5% and 10% fly ash was 3.15 MPa and 3.04 MPa respectively, an increase of 0.12 MPa and 0.01 MPa respectively. This is mainly due to the fact that the volcanic ash in fly ash can induce a secondary hydration reaction in the cement, which crosses over to form a denser network structure to improve the compressive strength of the backfill body. However, when the amount of fly ash added exceeds a certain percentage, the compressive strength of the backfill body decreases.

      The thermal conductivity of the backfill body with 10% and 20% PA/EG-SSPCM addition increased by 0.137 W/(m·°C) and 0.185 W/(m·°C) respectively compared to the backfill body without PA/EG-SSPCM addition at the original slurry ratio, and the specific heat capacity also increased by different degrees. At a PA/EG-SSPCM addition ratio of 10%, the thermal conductivity increased by 0.009 W/(m·°C) and -0.01 W/(m·°C) for 5% and 10% fly ash additions respectively compared to no fly ash addition. It can be seen that the addition of PA/EG-SSPCM to the backfill body can increase the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the backfill body, thus enhancing the heat storage capacity and heat storage/release rate of the backfill body. However, too high a proportion of fly ash addition can have a negative impact on the thermal conductivity of the backfill body.

      The above analysis shows that the addition of PA/EG-SSPCM increases the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the backfill body, but reduces the fluidity of the backfill slurry and the compressive strength of the backfill body. The addition of fly ash improves the fluidity of the backfill slurry and enhances the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the backfill body to a certain extent, but too high a proportion of fly ash can have an adverse impact on the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of the backfill body. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that the addition ratio of PA/EG-SSPCM and fly ash should not exceed 10%, based on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties. The results of this thesis can provide a theoretical reference for the proportioning of phase change thermal storage backfill slurry and provide basic data for the study of the thermal storage/release properties of the backfill body.

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