The civilian education of the early Chinese communists is not only the starting point of the ideological and political education of the CPC, but also the earliest practice of the popularization of Marxism in China. The study of the civilian education of the early Chinese communists can not only trace to its source, to pursue the original intention and mission of ideological and political education, to enrich the early practical research of the popularization of Marxism, and to expand the field of ideological and Political Education Research; It can also provide the source and reference for today’s ideological and Political Education and the innovative development of the popularization of Marxism.
Starting from the research perspective of ideological and Political Education, drawing on the theoretical resources of history, sociology and other disciplines, this study adopts the methods of Literature Study, Comparative Study, and the unity of history and logic, in order to get closer to the real situation of the civilian education of the Chinese Communists in the early 20th century, the civilian education of the Chinese communists was placed in the social historical background of the domestic and foreign troubles and the surging ideological trend in the early 20th century.
Faced with the background of the 20th century and the historical task of saving the nation from extinction, the early Chinese Communists chose Marxism on occasion. They inherited the Chinese traditional culture’s concern for the common people, using the basic viewpoints of Marxist historical materialism and educational thought, we have absorbed the western modern enlightenment thought, political party and educational thought, and turned our eyes to the broad masses of workers and peasants, so as to inspire their consciousness through civilian education, mobilize workers and peasants to participate in the social revolution and realize the fundamental transformation of society. At the beginning of the 20th century, many early Chinese communists began their initial exploration of educating the common people. From the May 4th period to the breakdown of kuomintang-communist cooperation in 1927, the civilian education of the early Chinese communists experienced the initial exploration of the Advanced Molecular Culture Enlightenment Education, the formation and establishment of the regional worker education, the vigorous development of the organized worker-peasant education, and the deep development of the rural education in the cooperation between the KMT and the CPC to the sublimation and development of the education in the base areas. In view of the fact that the vast number of workers and peasants have a low level of culture and a low level of ideological awareness, the civilian education of the early Chinese Communists began with cultural enlightenment education, the content of education involves the education of class consciousness of Marxism, the education of national democracy against imperialism and feudalism, and the education of the Party’s policies and strategies, such as running Labor Cram schools, night schools for farmers, issuing popular labor and farmer publications, as well as walking the streets and fields to hand out leaflets, speeches, stickers, slogans and other street mobilization methods; In combination with the actual production and life of the workers and peasants, the class consciousness of the workers and peasants was inspired by such methods as easy-to-understand cases, informal talks, and example teaching. In the process of carrying out mass education in the early period of the CPC, the principle of integrating theory with facts, the principle of advancing step by step and layer by layer, as well as the principle of persuading education and emotional connection ran through all the time, it has formed the common people’s education road which is the combination of target and strategy, the unification of science and revolution, and the consistency of principle and flexibility.Like the early Chinese Communists, the School of rural construction focused on the common people and advocated education for the common people, but it was different from the early Chinese Communists who inspired the workers and peasants to participate in the social revolution, the latter, like Europe and the United States, advocated the education of modern citizens, so as to build a modern country.
In the history of the development of civilian education in the 20th century, the civilian education of the early Chinese communists was undoubtedly one of the fruitful theoretical and practical explorations of civilian education, which not only expanded the mass base of the CPC, it promoted the development of the Revolutionary Cause of the CPC and was also the successful practice of Marxism’s popularization, laying the foundation for the ideological and Political Education of the CPC. Through the analysis of the history and logic of the civilian education of the early Chinese Communists, it is clear that the civilian education of the early Chinese communists not only opened up a road to combine the civilian education with the Chinese revolution, in the process of combining mass education with the Chinese revolution, the basic model and path of Mass Work of the CPC were laid down.Looking forward to the new journey, the civilian education of the early Chinese Communists provides valuable experience for improving the effectiveness of ideological and political education, and also provides an important mirror for the popularization of Marxism in the new era.
The civilian education of the early Chinese Communists also revealed that Marxism should adhere to the unity of practice and theoretical innovation, the unity of inheriting tradition and bringing forth new ideas, and the combination of positive propaganda and dialogue. Ideological and political education should be firmly guided by Marxism, consolidate the theoretical basis of ideological and Political Education, closely follow the party’s central task, and serve the overall interests of the party and the country, persist in taking people as the center and promote the internal motive force of ideological and Political Education. We must build a contingent of Party members with unshakable ideals and beliefs, and continue to deepen party building in the context of the people’s blood ties.
谷歌
火狐
