急斜特厚煤层赋存条件复杂，在综放开采过程中，巷道煤层与岩层稳定性控制对安全生产至关重要。本论文以乌鲁木齐矿区急倾斜特厚煤层综放开采巷道稳定性控制为研究背景，采用理论分析、相似模拟、数值模拟实验、现场监测与工程实践等综合方法及手段，对急倾斜特厚煤层回采巷道围岩稳定性控制技术进行了深入研究。 基于现场工程地质与开采模式综合调查与分析，采用大型三维立体物理相似模拟实验，探索了回采巷道在掘进、开采、放顶煤及顶板大面积垮落四个阶段的围岩损伤与演化的声发射（AE）规律，揭示了巷道围岩从微观孕育、破裂、产生、演化直至宏观破坏、断裂失稳的特征及内在演化特征；采用三维有限差分计算程序（FLAC3D），对小红沟煤矿+618水平B1+2工作面回采巷道应力与位移特征进行计算与分析表明：开挖后，最大主应力在巷道周边形成很大的拉应力区，巷道顶部的上方有明显的压应力，两帮底角处应力集中程度较为明显，呈现出明显非对称特征。采用锚杆支护控制措施后，巷道周边岩体位移变形量减小，巷道附近的拉应力区已经明显缩小，应力集中区向巷道周边集中。环带的厚度变小，不连续，锚杆支护系统有效的控制了围岩的变形，约束了巷道围岩的位移量，对围岩稳定性的控制起到了显著的作用。优化确定了锚杆+金属网+H型钢带+锚索联合支护模式及参数，并采用松动圈和钻孔窥视装置进行了现场监测与验证。实践表明本方案满足现场安全生产需要。 本研究对其他类似巷道岩层稳定性控制具有指导意义。

The steep seam occurrence conditions are complex, in process of full-mechnizied caving, the stability control of coal and strata is critical to safety. This aritical bases on the tunnel stability control during steep caving mining in full-mechnizied process of steep thick seam in Urumqi, using theoretical analysis, simulation, numerical simulation experiment, field monitoring and engineering practice, the stability control technology in these seam is in-depth studyed. Based on the comprehensive research and analysis of field engineering geology and mining model, a large three-dimensional physical simulation experiment is used to explore the acoustic emission （AE）row when the surrounding rock breaking and evolution in the progress of roadway driving, ming, caving and roof picking, mining, which is also revealing the roadway’s characteristic and law from micro-bred, rupture, origin, evolution until macro, crack. Within three-dimensional finite difference calculation program （FLAC3D） to analysiy the roadway’s stress and diaplacement character of B1+2 workface on +618 level in XIAO –hongou coal mine, the results show that after the face advancing, aroud the maximum principal stress area in the roadway forms great tensile stress area, above the top of the tunnel have obvious compressive stress, the stress next to two low-corners of roadway concentrates more obviously, and it presents a significant non-symmetrical features. After anchor control measures is taken, roadway surrounding rock mass’s displacement volume decrease, tensile stress area has been significantly reduced, and the stress concentration area concentrated around to the roadway. The thickness of the ring bemoces smaller, and non-continuous, all of these shows that the bolting system can effectively control the surrounding rock deformation, and constrained the roadway of displacement, it has played a significant role to the road stability control. The support of bolt - metal mesh - h-shaped steel belt and chains models and parameters is optimizated and assured. Using loose circle and drilling peeping to monitor and verify support result. Practice shows that the solution meets the needs of onsite security production. This study can provides significance to other similar roadway strata stability control.