创新作为实现经济高质量发展的重要支点，是我国实施创新驱动发展战略、寻求经济新增长点的关键。然而，企业创新活动与其他活动相比研发周期长、收益不确定性高、存在较大风险，市场机制无法使企业研究投入达到社会最优水平，因此，需要政府发挥“无形的手”的作用，采取一系列财税支持政策，助力企业创新发展。近年来我国数字经济高速发展，日益成为推动经济高质量发展的重要力量。那么，在数字经济背景下，政府财税支持能否提高高新技术企业创新绩效成为新形势下亟待解决的现实问题。

基于此，本文以2015-2022年高新技术企业上市公司为样本，探究财税支持对企业创新绩效的影响效应，并引入数字化转型作为调节变量考察财税支持对企业创新绩效的影响。在此基础上，进一步考虑产权性质、企业生命周期和市场化水平对二者关系的影响。研究发现：（1）财税支持与高新技术企业创新绩效呈现倒U型关系。即当政府财税支持力度在科学合理区间内时，其能够提升高新技术企业创新绩效，反之则是挤出效应。（2）数字化转型对财税支持与高新技术企业创新绩效的关系具有调节作用。随着企业数字化转型程度的增加，财税支持对高新技术企业创新绩效的非线性关系影响变得更强，且在数字化转型背景下政府减缓财政补贴力度和加强税收优惠力度可以达到相同政策激励效果。（3）相比于国有企业，财税支持对非国有企业创新绩效激励作用更强，倒U型曲线更加平缓。（4）财政补贴对企业创新绩效的影响在企业处于成长期时更明显，税收优惠对企业创新绩效的影响在企业处于成熟期时更明显。（5）市场化水平高的地区，财税支持对企业创新绩效的激励作用更强，倒U型曲线更平缓。

最后根据实证结论，提出政府应合理设置财政补贴和税收优惠区间，依据企业数字化转型程度和企业生命周期发展规律动态调整财税支持力度和结构，同时充分考虑企业产权性质异质性，并优化市场创新环境为财税支持发挥激励作用提供保障，从而提升高新技术企业创新绩效。

As an important fulcrum to achieve high-quality economic development, innovation is the key to implement the innovation-driven development strategy and seek new economic growth points in China. However, compared with other activities, enterprise innovation activities have long R&D cycle, high income uncertainty and great risks, and the market mechanism cannot make enterprise research investment reach the optimal level of society. Therefore, the government needs to play the role of "invisible hand" and adopt a series of fiscal and taxation support policies to help enterprises innovate and develop. In recent years, the rapid development of China's digital economy has increasingly become an important force to promote high-quality economic development. Then, under the background of digital economy, whether the government's fiscal and taxation support can improve the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises has become a realistic problem to be solved urgently under the new situation.

Based on this, this paper takes the listed companies of high-tech enterprises from 2015 to 2022 as samples to explore the impact of fiscal and taxation support on the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises, and introduces digital transformation as a moderator to investigate the impact of fiscal and taxation support on the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises. On this basis, the influence of property right nature, enterprise life cycle and marketization level on the relationship between them is further considered. The findings are as follows: (1) There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between fiscal and tax support and innovation performance of high-tech enterprises. That is, when the government's fiscal and taxation support is within a scientific and reasonable range, it can improve the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises, and vice versa. (2) Digital transformation has a moderating effect on the relationship between fiscal and tax support and innovation performance of high-tech enterprises. With the increase of digital transformation of enterprises, the nonlinear relationship between fiscal and tax support and innovation performance of high-tech enterprises becomes stronger, and the government can achieve the same policy incentive effect by slowing down financial subsidies and strengthening tax incentives under the background of digital transformation. (3) Compared with state-owned enterprises, fiscal and taxation support has a stronger incentive effect on innovation performance of non-state-owned enterprises, and the inverted U-shaped curve is smoother. (4) The influence of financial subsidies on enterprise innovation performance is more obvious when the enterprise is in the growth stage, and the influence of tax incentives on enterprise innovation performance is more obvious when the enterprise is in the mature stage. (5) In areas with high marketization level, fiscal and taxation support has a stronger incentive effect on enterprise innovation performance, and the inverted U-shaped curve is smoother.

Finally, according to the empirical conclusion, it is proposed that the government should reasonably set the range of financial subsidies and tax incentives, dynamically adjust the strength and structure of financial and tax support according to the degree of digital transformation and the law of life cycle development of enterprises, fully consider the heterogeneity of enterprise property rights， and optimize the market innovation environment to provide guarantee for financial and tax support to play an incentive role, thus improving the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises.

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